Gabriela Mistral Public and Secret

PENSACHILE DRAFTING: In tribute toGabriela Mistral on the anniversary of his death: January 10, 1957i the ship of Olvidomexico attracts the Malquerida.Nott so much for the eagle and laser, but because, apparently, there are people who want it.In 1922 José Vasconcelos, Minister of Education, invites her to work in her country, collaborating in the Teaching Reform and in the Foundation and Organization of Popular Libraries.The Mexican call is irresistible.Vasconcelos writes that no woman in her homeland is more dear than her.He praises her with generous rhetoric: "Living glow that discovers their secrets and peoples their destinations".It does not see it as a glory of Cenacle, but as the presence of the other Punta de América that completes the meaning and line of the horizon in the continent.Deputy Luis Emilio Recabarren, who recently, in January of that year, had contributed to founding the Communist Party of Chile in Rancagu travel expenses.The proposition is received in right -wing benches with chirigotas and derogatory allusions, which start to collect a replica to Cantaclaro.The country only has money for the rich.TheGovernment and Parliament approve succulent per diem for the great lords, the generals who travel to Europe or the United States with their whole family, but deny the most miserable supfort of a writer and an educator departure from the town.In his notes of a memoir, Laura Rodig ratifies the incident.When theGovernment of Mexico, in 1922, invited her to her country, the honorable Don Luis Emilio Recabarren, informed that she did not have money for her personal expenses at all, and that Mexico would pay everything, made the indication of the indication of the indication of the indication ofThat it was given the sum of five thousand pesos, an idea that only obtained smiles and ironies […].However, in the same session two commissions for military to Europe were approved and each character carried their family, servitude, etc.., all in a fiscal charge.»(130) The lords of the Olympic heights really did not want it.«When the Minister of Education of Mexico, Don José de Vasconcelos [whileGabriela was in his country, he came to Chile] visited an former president," added Laura Rodig, "he said:" What did you invite you forGabriela, havingHere so many smarter women than her?.Vasconcelos put a cable that, then, there they did not understand and said: "More than ever convinced that the best of Chile is now in Mexico" "Then, in a hard time they suspended for six years the payment of their teacher retirement, whichIt was done: «I am obliged to write a barbarity of gazette articles to be able to stay…» In July 1922 he travels in a known steam, the orcoma.In Mexico the news preceded its departure.The Excelsior newspaper published on May 1, 1922 a note about the «distinguished South American writer who, if we are not badly aware, will be the first time he abandons his homeland.AlthoughGabriela Mistral has not yet published her poems in any volume -which we know-, his wonderful work is deep and gloriously known throughout America and Spain.It isGabriela perhaps the first great American poet - to remember Sr. Juana? - who has crossed the borders of his homeland so definitively and absolutely, and managing to cement his name under such solid prestiges ».He has so much desire to leave Chile that he sings a song to the ship and even momentarily forgive the Marinspeciona with a shipy worker the green helmet that hurts the waters.He discovers another color in the range of beauty: a sustained black strip.The rest is white, like the Andes in winter, but, not to disappoint the poet's eyes, the masts are gold.The ship, thus, adopts under the color of the sea;High assumes the tone of light.This description reflects the spirit of the passenger.She is happy with that ocean and that ship that moves her away from a land where she has suffered.It supposes that in its belly the ship is ugly;But she does not see the guts, made of machines, or the violence of the propellers;He feels sliding him like a seagull, foams, so subtly that at times he reproduces the feeling of a flight.Talk about a young steam that the sea has not yet hurt.The waves did not have time to cover it with rust.The ship is oblivious to pain.For moments, forget the cruelty of the sea, which pursues it as a metaphor of a certain human perversity.When the profile of the coast is lost, it rejoices muttering: "The earth is so far that it is forgotten".That's his victory: oblivion.He leaves a country in which he feels misunderstood, vexed, insulted.In truth, the clerk came from some;the indifference of the most.And this feeling of being a nonconformist to which it is about cornering did not manage to neutralize the admiration of a few, which would eventually become many.Part, in addition, pushed by other tail winds that drive it to move away as quickly as possible.There are impenetrable secrets and medium enigmas in your life, which drag this search engine of voluntary estrangement to put distance.Chile fled for several reasons.Yes, he fled from Magallanes Man, although he was abroad at that time.I fled with that hidden aversion, with that dread before the Empire of Meat.Maybe he would always chase her around the world.Thirteen years later, in Lisbon, he writes a "message on Antero de Quental, the Portuguese".He calls it "without a woman".It is worth a personal self -definition, provided that this title is changed to "without a man".Speaking of Lusitano,Gabriela, for a use of analogies or differences that come to the magin consciously or unconsciously, in some way, as usual, he will talk about herself.Anther belongs to a land that is Finisterra in Europe, while Chile is a finisterra on the planet.He feels close.Underline prophecy, the rustic Zapatones -two characteristics ofGabriela -, romantic outfit that was sympathized with the neat cleaning, the one that Eça de Queiroz calls "of old nun", an image that corresponds to his own way of seeing himself.Like her, she writes the optimal verse and the rich and clean prose, "serving two hands to the gods that spur and men who ask for explanation of the world in sung and spoken response".What other trait catches your attention in the Portuguese? One in which "Freud's godchildren have where ruling giving good glimpses or whaling".In some sense it is also his case, and perhaps that is why he underlines him.This man whom he calls "crazy lost of ideas" married them and this displaced the "natural himene with flesh and bone" and if "any woman chamuscó her skin of passed, none lying on him on the grill of a passionwould be".It is something that she also celebrates: the victory of the metaphysical eros over physical Eros, whichGabriela - among many precedents - exemplifies in Baruch Spinoza and in Buddha.Abounds, she delves into the quality of that misogyny, which in the case of Quental does not exclude the desire of paternity and inGabriela's the desire for motherhood.But both one and the other want adoptive children, not born from the appetite of their own flesh.Gabriela describes this feeling as "another form of infinite saudade.See child, play a child, have a table at a table and justify the house, a garden and other royalties with those little ones ».Such was also his personal dream, and that's why one day he felt yin yin's mother.And if this Lusitano also ends up killing himself (another suicide), despite living as a saint, "because of her sublime nature", she will blame him for many things, to the environment, to irremediable loneliness (he reminds him of the end of angelGanivet), but will also take the opfortunity to blame, at least partially, an old enemy: the sea, which, according to medical affirmations -he says -would be the great crazy of men.As we see, he returns to a subject and a personal obsession.The mountain -su mountain- turba less.She lives half disturbed, because it is not of flat land, which inclines to calm and the flat life.But in the back.He wanted it so much that he lost his mind, and he came to tell him things that he shouldn't reveal to anyone.But he besieged her trying to jump the wall.What was that wall?What was that point, that border line that could not transfer?Why did he tell Manuel when he wanted to go further?Where did horror born to carnal contact? She hid it as the secret of her secrets, under seven locks, and marked her forever.However, in that war of love and fear that was its relationship with Manuel, before the claim, the pressure and the stunned bewilderment of the man who does not understand why he refuses to consummate the love relationship, she slides an allusion that is like ahole in the wall, to look to the other side of the non -unconfessable secret.The frustrated lover looks for that little hole in the blind wall.Insists, worries, claims, demands, wants to know why.Corne it to questions.Finally she, in a nutshell, confesses that it drags certain trauma produced by a brutal fact from her childhood.A Moceton who went to her house raped her when she was seven years old.This tear her forever.He felt desecrated, broken, impure.Dragged the fact all his life.You could never replace indescribable humiliation.If you investigate with detective eye in your poetry, chasing the footsteps of that crime, an acute investigator will discover them hidden among pathetic metaphors.II Mexican time leaves, Pedro Prado wants to present her with a message: "To the people of Mexico"."You will recognize it for the nobility that awakens! ...".I ask you discretion."Do not make noise around her, because she walks in a simplicity".The recommendation is beautiful, although expendable.Mexico welcomes the.There is also there, at least, a man who admires her;He has praised her.This has been said.It is known that it is the Minister of Education José Vasconcelos.But who is and what does Basqueles represent?.«José Vasconcelos personified in 1921 the educational aspirations of the revolution as no man came to embody, say, the agrarian reform or the labor movement…» He liked the Platonic conversations and coined an enthusiastic motto: «For my race the spirit will speak».He believed in the Indian and also in intellectuals.He first called to collaborate to the speakers of the Athenaeum, including Antonio Caso, Julio Torri and, especially, Pedro Henríquez Ureña.WhenGabriela Mistral arrives in Mexico, the students greeted Vasconcelos as their flag bearer.Embodied the ideals of university reform, mystics and nationalists in turn, that they had taken body in the 1915 to 1917.They threw themselves to the impression of theGreek and Latin classics in large runs, which distributed free of charge to the country's schools.The heroes of the moment were Homer, Plato, Euripides, Esquilo, Dante.It seemed like that, making them read children and young people, a new cultured and revolutionary generation would emerge.Unique work, because the recipient of all that effort should be the people and especially the Indian.It was born from the idea of forging a new Mexican society much more fair.They claimed the pre -Columbian, the Mayan and Azteca, the Zapotec poetry;But they also exalted the current Indian, the values of his silence, the deep sense of his recollection.He had to translate into a rediscovery of his creative sensitivity expressed in crafts, theatrical sense, music and dances.There was a previous inconvenience for the poor and the Indian to receive the redeemer message: his illiteracy.Well, on Saturdays and Sundays the young people of the cause left the homeless neighborhoods as first -lying teachers.Carlos Pellicer is among the literacy plery.two.Gabriela knows him when he arrives in Mexico and greets him as "a new poet of America".He pleases him because he feels influenced by the great examples, like a son of Plutarch.He has the clean lung for singing because he does not smoke, he has a firm mouth to sing it because he does not drink and walks with his face tanned by the Aztec sun because he feels the passion of homeland nature.He loves him for his respect for the heroic.It is not really a naturist, then, according to its expression, it feeds on the flesh of the past and the present.He seduces him because at twenty he told Bolívar and now a Mexican father has appeared in his own land, Vasconcelos.From time to time this history of the story "jumps on the grotesque tree of Estidentism to cut her geometric apples, her square flowers ..." Pellicer dedicates to Vasconcelos a poem obviously called "sowing": the sowing sowed the dawn; his arm covered theMare their gaze the mountains could enter..Silent sowing: The sun has grown by your magical hands The field has chosen another tonoy the sky has flown higher.(131)Gabriela Mistral arrived from Santiago;Henríquez Ureda Wine from Minnesota, in order to lead the University Exchange and Extension Department.All of them, and the Chilean of course, like her compatriot Rubén Azócar, traveled to various states of Mexico.They went to Michoacán, to Puebla, in order to deliver books of the classics and she in particular to found schools and libraries.They gave lectures.In truth, this element of cultural extension inherited the impulse of the Popular University, which has stopped working in 1920.There were athenaists, teachers, writers, artists to speak to the workers.2.850 conferences.The repertoire was miscellaneous: patriotic, mathematical, grammatical, geographical, historical, astronomical, prophylactic themes.This likedGabriela.It was a great hour of Mexican life that pushed her away from the intriguing environment that she had often suffered in Chile, offered free field to her vocation as a creative teacher, wanted to teach to read and write to the Indian.March with Diego Rivera, José, Orozco, David Alfaro Siqueiros, who began to paint their murals to recreate prehistory, that hidden story.And above all she wanted to found popular libraries, she had dreamed him for Chile.He wanted to do it in Magallanes.But what can a woman alone?Maybe a revolution is needed.It is seen that all revolutions literate.Teach to read and write to the town is always among their first tasks.They receive it in an apotheosis, which forms exactly the reverse of the hostility I felt in Chile.Notw it is already in the middle of Indian peasantry, living in rural school.He went up to his house, peeked to the roof;From there she saw the great horizon, the sky that hugged her and she heard all the silence of the field;Then he was invaded by a feeling of infinite peace;And it was said: "Finally, in eighteen, I can work quietly, without the touch of the bell, without economic anguish".He thankedGod and acknowledged with a certain critical Mohín that he granted him the gift on foreign land.He felt that she was not only a poetry creator.He also founded libraries.Essential fact of her biography is the story of a girl who considered a treasure "the slide towards the small and clandestine party that would be my evening-nocurnal reading, a refuge that opened to not close anymore".Do not forget Magallanes.Send a collection of books for men's high school."Even Punta Arenas de Chile, that is, the apex of the continent -comunica- a similar endowment has been sent".It was a return that dreamed in his childhood."The libraries that I want most are the provincials, because I was a girl of villages and in them I lived together to the famine and the avidity of the books".It will also be an encouraging rural schools.In Mexico, some such as those that, according to their idea, made León Tolstoi in Russia and Rabindranath Tagore in India in India..In Chile, he said, the appointment in rural school estimates an offense.To that school also came Mr. Vasconcelos, who felt good there.And since this needed propaganda, the newspaper El Niño Agricultor emerged, a fortnight in which.I am very honoring to be a collaborator and that the boys voce in the streets […].I wanted to give them an indications about child journalism;But I saw that little they needed them.Outside their spelling mistakes, they know very well what they should publish […].I once heard a twelve -year speaker explain to his classmates some reforms that seemed necessary.We visited the school of the missionary teachers [teachers of indigenous people distributed throughout the country].(132) She chaired Congress."We stopped listening-writing-and it is the truth that was more benefit from that speech than many pedagogical speeches".The speaker of the Library was treated in formation.In January 1923 he is invited to speak in the Mexican Congress of the Child.He will then go to the mother of a town in his "tremendous time of danger".It is more power in it than in an army that passes, because it Mece the tomorrow's hero.ForGabriela life is duty and recommends fulfilling it to women, it seems outdated.Maybe it has little to do with the modern feminist movement as models to Hebrew and Roman mothers.Not one can prevent urban crowds from being born from their breast as the flow of land springs.The dwarfs of men begins with female corruption.Does not preach stillness or conformism.The mother has to claim for her child everything that "are born without being asked to be born".Each one must formulate their demand and not wait for others to start.Do not stop asking for the child the school with sun, the book, the images of the stories, or cease to say "no" to everything that disfigures its soul and the violent.He will fight to end the absurd category of illegitimate son and for preventing the little girl with premature.Notte thatGabriela does not preach silent inertia.The bold woman prefers, who discusses with the teacher the training of her children.In your supfort a verse from Walt Whitman: "I tell you that there is nothing bigger than the mother of men" women form a human hemisphere.Every law, every movement of freedom or culture, has left us for a long time in the shadow.We have always reached the feast of progress, not as the reluctant individual who takes to go, but as the shameful comrade that is invited with backwardness and to which he is then hidden in the banquet by foolish blush. Más sabia en su inconsciencia, la naturaleza pone su luz sobre lostwo flancos del planeta.And it is law to inflect any law aimed at transforming peoples and that does not take into account women.It is not believed that I am doing a profession of feminist faith.I think that the woman learns to be more woman ... (133) The fall of the illuminated consciences wanted to oppose the leader of the war assuming the responsibility of the "moral leader"."My intelligence from my revolver," he proclaimed.It is from Oaxaca, like Benito Juárez and Porfirio Díaz.The first,Gabriela calls him "bone of nationality";The second represents "the authoritarian order".The third, Vasconcelos, "inspired and messianic democracy".It is a bit strange: a messianic driver who describes exactly as entirely devoid of the attributes they make to a Messiah: "Bad speaker, an honest and opaque study man, at least tropical of this world in conversation ..." but burned inhe a sense of mission.Alfonso Reyes recalls that in the generation of his baccalaureate and the student Basqueles worked on a project to assemble our peoples, with a Hispano -American passion agreed by the fact of being a man of a country so threatened by the warrior or peaceful invasion of his northern neighbor.As Madero, which he accompanies in his campaign that begins the revolution in Mexico, he was moralist and half believed in Buddha.Vasconcelos lived his adventure and ended badly.When he leaves the country, in 1925,Gabriela Mistral is no longer in that turbulent land.Knowing it writes a melancholic letter: News from Mexico arrive, which do not get to draw me today's panorama.What Basque Concelos, the older man of you, has gone.It is truly an orphanhood, my friend, and a misfortune, in any aspect that looks at him ...Gabriela predicted, in the style of the old sibilas: Vasconcelos would return.Returned in 1929.He toured the country as a candidate for the Presidency of the Republic.Vasconcelos had read in Renan that a nation is "a daily plebiscite", and took it seriously to the Reyes, in July 1959, when he pronounced the funeral prayer before the tomb of José Vasconcelos, he tuned it as if he spoke with himself and with the Mexicans: "... You left us a scar on fire in consciousness" I joined them some similarity.Reyes, that Mexican carving of fortraits "A deep chisel", also caught the interior profile of the Chilean eager: "In it there is prophetic anger against horrors piled up by history, there are faith, hope and charity, hope and charity,the promise of a better land for the achievement of the human race;The hand that traces in the air the magical passes, whose prestige flash the vision of a fairer world ».Desolation, black or light blue? Meanwhile,Gabriela's star has lit in the New York cycle.An American has not been caught but a Spaniard, Federico de Onis, who taught at Columbia University, gives a conference at the Institute of Spain;He talks about an unknown;His words sound excessive, with fanfare tones.That type of auditorium has heard many times exorbitant praises.The public, trained mainly by Yankees teachers.Spanish, listen with a certain skeptical ear.Tests, evidence of that intended discovery.Federico de Onís begins to read poems.It is a violent poetry.Her word breaks stones, scalofría hearts– Who is she?- Exclaim the most stunned– Where is she?And if you can't come, please, please, reading your poems, Mr. Professor Onís, because that poetry leaves us stunned, it takes away the peace.And the cursed one is erupting, vomits fire and lava.And, as if that were not enough, the unfortunate makes us suffer, and on top of screaming and shouting, it is beautiful, it is fiercely beautiful and makes us want to cry and we have the feeling of a great mystery, the mystery of being and dying.Please come at least their books, to have them at home and read them at night and lose sleep and suffer nightmares-no.There are no books.Not any-.Answer the teacher-then compile those poems we.Let's edit them without foul -thus appeared published in New York their first book, desolation, in 1922a the Chileans may give them a little shame.And a second edition came out soon in Santiago.It was preceded by a prologue by Pedro Prado, who addressed to the Mexican poets.Years later she will say something about her discoverer in the United States: a Spaniard morally directs the body of Spanish professors in the United States;A Spanish lagged with the big time, an extraordinary name that, like that of Lope who teaches, sways between the 16th and 17th centuries.He could say that he has the right foot in the first, for his love of the folk genius of Spain, and could add that the other straightened to the Renaissance, because of his temperament of a mission man in Notrth America ... (134) hisFriend, Mexican ambassador to Chile, the poetGonzález Martínez, whose treatment recommendedGabriela to Manuel, proposed to bend "the neck to the swan of beautiful plumage" of modernism.Is the work of a last modernist or a first postmodernist?But what does it mean to cour it in schools when she did not profess them?It was a self -taught that learned more or less alone in life and it dictated his poetry, which does not admit rigid classifications.Julio Saavedra, in his prologue to the complete works ofGabriela Mistral, published by the Aguilar collection, argues that desolation is not, therefore, a book of verses as there are as many, without dramatic subject.On the contrary, his lyricism sinks the roots in a lived tragedy and in the derived feelings.It is not the product of the imagination served by a happy sensitivity;It is the very sensitivity of a neurosis, externalized almost without imagination: it is poetry and it is not the art of architect.»(135) Desolation is the capital book of Latin American poetry of the twentieth century and one of the most uniquely tragic.For pedagogical purposes the author divides it into sections: life, school, children, pain, nature, cradle songs, then prose.And inside school prose, stories.This index gives us an idea of the fire that calcines its verses, without ever consuming them.That book filled school texts from our time, edited by ManuelGuzmán Maturana.We learned by heart a few.They are still moving the "creed" (Manuel Magallanes is the incognito recipient of the most torn), "revealed": as I am queen and I was begging, now vivive in pure tremor that I let me ask me, pale, in every hour: «Are you still with me?Oh, notice away! "(136) or "shame": if you look at me, I become beautiful as the grass to which the dew low.(137) also "tribulation", especially "nocturnal" and "the sonnets of death", together with "interrogations".In "eternal waxes" betrays his obsession: Ah!You will never know your mouth shame of the kiss that chorreabconcupiscencia, like thick lava..And in "The plea": Lord, you know how, with ignition, for the strange beings my word now invokes you to ask you for one that was mine, my glass of freshness, the honeycomb of my mouth (139) Neruda visualizes thatShe opened the door to an unparalleled poetic emotion on the continent.In 1954 he writes: he is such the torrential force of "the sonnets of death", which were exceeding their own history, left behind the heartbreaking core of intimacy and were open and broken down, as new events in our American poetic history.They have a sound of Andean waters and stones.Its stanzas initiatives advance as volcanic lava.Let's contribute our breath, something will happen, and then the third.(140) Maybe that Walt Whitrnan's saying was rarely more true: «I don't read a book.I play a man ».In this case we touch a woman to the bowels of the soul, who seems to condense much of the pain in her pages.She was aware that in desolation the misfortune weighs like a mountain that oppresses the chest.I wanted to breathe more benevolent airs.That is why for her this book wants to be catharsis and goodbye to a terrible past.In the future it intends to write with less "pathos".He says, as a climax, on the final desolation page:God forgive me this bitter book and the men who feel life as sweetness are also forgive.In these hundred poems a painful past is bleeding in which the song bloody to relieve me.I leave it behind me like the hollow bleak and on slopes more Clemes I go to the spiritual plateaus where a wide light will fall on my days.I will sing from them the words of hope, I will sing, as a merciful wanted it, to comfort men.At thirty, when I wrote the artist's decalogue, I said this vote.God and life let me fulfill it.G.M.(141) complied ... in part.There are people who regret the poetry who wrote later came out of the same spirit, sprouted from the same hand, but it was different.Many readers felt it because they believe that a poetry book never written as shuddering as the first.A sting under the touched Mexico will speak to him for his poets, starting with an already interview, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz. Así comoGabriela nace entre cerros, la mexicana nace entre volcanes.Undoubted.When he describes his life, he will suggestively underline the delicacy of his nose and his "without sensuality".A true complacency floats in the painting of the body and face of his former colleague.The oval of the face is like the naked almond;The thin neck reminds him of the long jasmine, he has fine shoulders and prodigious hand.This is your verse.She imagines that it should have been to see her walk.As was high, it evokes Marquina's verse: "Light rests a long time".In addition, he is recognized in the Mexican because he was thirsty for knowing, but she was what Lucila never was in her childhood: a prodigy girl.As Christ talking early with the doctors of the temple, she is the wise monitor of the lawyers invited to the viceroy hall of Viceroy Mancera.Then, disdained the earthly love of man - and in this he is also resembled - he becomes a nun and is held in a convent of women.But she will be a singular religious, surrounded by books and land balloons.The fairness of his muse amazes him in the Mexican.Judges her different from her because she does not accept the excess of passion.Will walk to God along the path of wisdom.He felt, however, "a sting under the touches".He had something else she did not have: the sense of irony.In this Juana looks like Santa Teresa.And this is clear when he asks men why they complain about women when, after all, they have made them as they are.Hay otro ángulo de su biografía que ella subraya seguramente forque lo siente cercano: el ademán de apartamiento, que en Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz se traduce en su retiro al claustro y enGabriela en su extrañamiento de Chile.Some say that the Mexican entered the convent for disappointment of love. Estos también los tuvoGabriela, y sin duda, ese amor for Manuel Magallanes Moure fue una causa de su autodestierro.Others believe that the Mexican became a nun "for protecting her wonderful youth".Gabriela, en cambio, como se ha visto, siempre se creyó fea.However, you will find in that detachment and in the resignation, in the removal, a mobile that was also yours.The Chilean did not start because it had to "protect a wonderful youth".She conjects that this was not in the Mexican the main mobile of her disguise from the secular environment, "but a gesture, that of who discards a viscous mass, the world, by dense and brutal ...".Vale for a Mistralian confession.In her opinion, the Mexican did not want to reach her "arms with appetite".His sensitivity rejected him.In this order, it estimates that your attitude more than mystical is static.She does not have the ardor or the confusion of the mystical, does not travel to horcated in the burning cloud.Do not embark on the ship of madness.Sor Juana does not blind.The eyes must determine exactly the contour and the nature of things.Study the sky as an astronomer.Look at the constellations in someone who wants to discover the sidereal mystery.Dive in biology because he wants to know more about life.Even its theology is linked to rationalism.Esta, que la precedió for nacimiento en más detwo siglos, Juana Inés de Asbaje y Ramírez Santillana, a los tres años quiere que la maestra le enseñe a leer.Many years later he evokes it: "The one who taught me still lives, God keep it, and can testify". Nada tiene que ver esta gratitud con el rencor deGabriela Mistral al referirse a la maestra que provocó cuando pequeña la lapidación for parte de sus compañerasGabriela admira también a su colega colonial mexicana forque, si la siente muy próxima en muchos capítulos, la sabe, sin embargo, tan distinta en otros tantos aspectos, empezando for su belleza.She herself said without pride: "I was not right to love any/ seeing me loved by so many". (González Vera afirma, a propósito, que tambiénGabriela en Santiago era pretendida for muchos hombres).There is a passion in Mexican that subjuga: the search for truth.Yearn to conquer knowledge.What he wants is to "put beauties in my understanding/ and not my understanding in beauties".There is another principle that Avecina: the total denial to marriage.He lived twenty -two years as a religious. Lo que quería en el convento era leer, >.The Divine Comedy disrupts her pulse.To calm.Feel the fascination of pure colors.Does not attract the face of the saint but of the angel that redeems of pain.The Lordship Square will be a rest chair for the South Antarctic.He confesses that, as ancient history teacher, she got bored of the war of the greats, of the fights between the Strozzi, Médicis and Orsini.In his opinion, he has left an anomaly: to fail war as a natural activity of men.Prefer goodness, especially when this is hard.She dominates the rectangle with the statuency David and the Perseus, from Cellini.Truth that this is not very reassuring: holds a cut head in your hand.This gallery is very particular in the world in the world.The outdoor museum indicates the unique atmosphere of the square. Pero el transeúnte que se ha parado durante siglos junto a la acera es ese David de Miguel Ángel, que aGabriela le produce una sensación de amanecer.There he stays a long time and he contemplates him again and again;He sits in the tables of the front of sip an ice cream, in that square without vegetation, of bare stone, where he has stood as a being that walks down the street El Renaádimiento.In August 1927, he recommends that when the traveler arrives in Florence, Dante's third on Arno's water.The following year he will return to the one who calls the perfect city, among other things because it is not viciously great.He returns to a family courtyard, where they live, after his death, in a second perennial life, the Blessed Angelic and Savonarola, San Antonio with Aretino, and asks God to let her return even more sometimes more times.List the delights you want to repeat.Will return to savor the microscopic patience of the gold.Alab the ceramics, the culture of mud, of the enameled gangs, that white and blue color that tested Della Robbia.An Argentine tells him that the harno is gredoso and plebey like any mapocho.And she, who was celebrating that terracotta color, insists: I find some jewel.Its water is not transparent because it is mundane and sumptuous.Santiago no es FlorenciaSi Fiodor Dostoievski llama a Petersburgo «la ciudad más premeditada y abstraída del mundo»,Gabriela Mistral considera a Santiago alevoso y maledicente, una ciénaga, no tanto for los barriales y avenidas de agua que la lluvia forma en muchas calles, sino for la sobreproducción de chismosos que llueven noche y día cuentos malignos sobre el prójimo.They grow like poisonous callampas in the asphalting forest of the capital.If the small people are hell, the Creole city will have to multiply the hell.In literate and social circles, the showcase languages are released.CuandoGabriela for las noches siente dolores que no la dejan dormir, sospecha que en Santiago la están «pelando, sacándole el cuero a tirones».That is why it may feel so exhausted and sore.It is constantly introspectioning.It is a form of selfvigilance.Not one takes it for a climbing.At one point it is promised not to do anything aimed at people of another kind.He will not get tired of saying and I use the word I have.In his first maturity he maintains: "I am a teacher without any arrival".Then, always resorting to self -reference, it is socially described: ... I have an attitude of perfect indifference for people who, in a circle of splendor, are agitated;I am not interested, because they do not live for the things that I live.(167) is less than forty when he writes letters to Eugenio Labarca.It really was that a small epistolary, which served to fortray his spirit and his artistic creed I will never admire a literary work in which there is no deep and burning friendship with ideas with the ideas.The best comrade of beauty can be the truth and verse that is rich in parables is holiness, tremor of soul in flesh.(168) The more he knows men, the more he approaches nature.«To live blissfully, I need skies and trees, many skies and many trees.Only the rich have these things in that ».Opulence allows many trees and living closer to the cycle.The current Santiago proves it with plenty of added.It is already known that she doesn't want Santiago.In his opinion people's life.In this case people are the writers.Ask to reserve your correspondent but also demands that you justify it."How that" Divine Casta "is bite all kinds of damage.»The" divine caste "has done wrong.The contact began that bad night of the floral games, when it was anointed with the oil of the disgusting word poet.Tuvo relaciones con… luminosos cerebrales que tienen el corazón podrido y que no conocen la lealtad; me pusieron entre ellos y cada vez que estoy entre ellos, quisiera no haber sido otra cosa que LucilaGodoy.The heart is bleeding and dripping on the role of that letter that directs Eugenio Labarca because of a luminous brain: Manuel Magallanes.He knows that his life will always be anguish and rugged path.For her she is overflowing mud and splashing her, because such is the price of her cross -country pilgrimage.Impurity comes fatally.Who lives will not be able to avoid it, unless he renounces to live ’even if he continues to wander.It is preferable to vegetar in the calm of the indifferent;He says it by speaking of the supposed peace of Chilean writer Pedro Prado: the abstention of life by will of total purity does not convince me.Every time I stop to look at the masons in Petropolis city where it is built a lot- I see them, which one less, embarked and even caricaturescos.I prefer those traces to that of intellectuals so comme il faut.Life like Earth is something that alters and breaks down and shaves, and I wanted to be a mason until the last days.The aroma of my childhood accompanies me so far.(169) Three years ago he left Chile.He came from Mexico when he went to Europe.Possibly there are no more disparate countries than Italy and Mexico, but both are cribs of ancient civilizations.In them the story is a scratching of many floors.The part of the foundations appears every time both in one and the other.Encloses a common element that overwhelms the self -devoted.In Mexico he will go to many indigenous villages, in Italy he will travel one hundred illustrious villages.But Assisi is stunned, because that saint has some resemblance to her, not by the smell of holiness, but for the love of the child and her approach not only to the meek beast but also the wolf.There is contrasting it with a bellicose city, superb, filled with palaces, with a lavish air that time has not described.CuandoGabriela deambula for Siena tiene la sensación de internarse en la Edad Media, de la cual es expulsada con violencia al advertir que casi todos los palacios regios se han convertido en oficinas públicas ordinarias.As it is, you will visit medieval castles.Highway hunting, hay skies, are the image of hardness.To Siena La Ablanda, in her opinion, the fact that Santa Catalina was born in her and that in a church of her will find the Juan Bautista de Donatello, who admired since childhood contemplating him in a reproduction that speaks lost her brightness.The air suddenly transmits mefitic relays;They come from the Púrtrida Lagunas.She does not ask the French perfume cities, but they are toilets.This can perceive its color, go from room to room looking at the paintings of the Siena school, of a Siena that smells bad, but it bathes.His passion for Santa Catalina has something to do with his cult of tragically.In this case it is a gentleman executed in the public square, turned into the last minute to grace for the persuasion of that woman, on condition that she sustained it in her final hour, accompanying him to the place of decapitation.Catalina received the destroyed head in her hands and the blood beat her chest.Then he wrote to his confessor the "Blood Letter".The Mistral murmures: "I don't know about more intense words exhaled by woman".It is a scene worthy of its character, so it is his own.Read desolation and will soon discover analogous reactions.Anonymous the ghosts of the anonymous, which could be real or imaginary.Chile was for her a country where genre was eagerly cultivated.Maybe he would return to his land for a while, just for a while because the last time he was "no less than sixty" low and dirty "letters tried to dirty my poor life".I was convinced that she was the living example of the effectiveness of a saying: Chile's payment.In a letter he wrote in 1938 Laura Rodig, this "persecution complex" or story of a hunt that did not give him truce again manifest.I gave this country my life in vain.I am not staying again to live defending themselves from the hateful without face, of the hypocritical hatred with which the honest struggle is not possible […].This hatred is called a better woman than a man.(170) Despite their long absence, he knows that the poor do not experience improvement, less than you, naturally, the misery of our people, but I have seen it enough.And I have said it in public and private every day and vain times a day.(171) But before arriving in Siena, in June 1924, he landed in Naples.As he finds that he sails for a female sea, he proposes to call him "the Mediterranean Sea".Voluptuous water, much of the Greco-Roman literature has it as stage.It is not fearsome as the great oceans, perhaps that is why Homer calls her "violet meadow".Tonalities change: they tend to purple in the first hour of the morning and return to the same coloration in sunset.Violets show a drop of milk during cloudy days, but their usual pigment is an amazing blue, which seems still, to become even more beautiful.Thus, by this sea, which is like a woman dressed in a violet suit, which has nothing to do with the violent ocean that bathes her land, she had done a long time ago her entrance to Europe.Toca Sicily.It is more comfortable in this sea that feels mild, made of surface, as if forgetting the dimension of its depths.And there is so much his joy that he settles on deck and writes a "Song of Mariners".Surca many times for years. En diciembre de 1930, desdeGibraltar, escribe una «Despedida del Mediterráneo».(It will not be a final goodbye).Había zarpado deGénova a Nápoles y de allí hasta Cerdeña.On this return trip to America, Urja Face Sulaches..The taciturn air is given by the fog, which does not allow him to see the island of Capri or the Vesuvio or Corsica.That is, that sea that described so bright and sunny now dismisses her badly.Gibraltar is the narrow neck of the Mediterranean bottle.Crossing his cork, he arrives at the ocean.The toy is over, the old lake is abandoned.Says until then to the Latin Sea.Notw the wild water kingdom begins, which ... from this same night will hit our neck with its abrupt rhythm, in the poor bed of bad sleep and to dream scared dreams.VII LAS ESPAÑAS: affinities and conflict The Spanish treaty Menéndez and Pelayo was persuaded that Chile did not produce poets for historical reasons."A tribe of heroic barbarians spent the steels and patience of the conquerors there and maintaining the country in a state of perpetual war, determined the peculiar austere and virile physiognomy of that colony".Such a base, in his opinion, determined the character of his culture and the poverty of his poetry.The Chilean is not for verses."The character of the Chilean people," said Menéndez and Pelay.The predominance of dogmatic positivism, apparently triumphant in official education in recent years, helps to increase the usual dryness of Chilean literature, usually solid, but rarely enjoyable ».Gabriela Mistral, who said direct descendant of Barbarian Indians, with original Basque surnames, is a first good denial to the thesis of Menéndez and Pelayo, not to mention a second last name, Reyes Basoalto, aka Pablo Neruda.There are thirds, fourths and spell exceptions to your theory.She felt Spain as seductive and anonant contradiction.He was aware that there are several Spain.The Mediterranean has little to do with the landscape of Castilla that sometimes perceives as a ash color."As Kempis, depresses in a verse".Tremendous land, leads to abstraction and metaphysics.Necessarily go to the Escorial, "a stanza on the plateau".He felt absorbed by the cold of the runners, causing him the impression that he already knew all the strengths and carried a bronze robe on his back, strange to the greatness of power.The stone, the rot, where the most solemn meats of kings and princes are corrupted and undone, tells him about the final domain of death and the shadow.Felipe is a king wrapped by sadness.Before the main owner of the world, she, little South American, from oltarmineThey inclined to contemplate the table, the little tiny desk in which the lonely man signed the office and decided the fate of his distant homeland, shuddered by the secular war against the Indians.Then he stops at the bed, where the orb master was devoured by cancer.The man in the king felt his flesh be broken down.Thus the "demon of noon" died, that antilujurious sinner, slave of a sullen and bloody god, who burned heretics to save his soul.It made Christianity the cult of truth that opens the way through the path of violence and practiced power in the manner of an exercise as hard as melancholic, because he believed in the goodness of heaven and in human evil.Gabriela stops before the man who became more rotten every day, which has as a street throne an uncomfortable chair, horcajadas from which he travels from Madrid to the fortress, feeling to die on the way through the ravages of a disease of origin of origineven more unknown then than today.The Chilean feels that Felipe II is one of the faces of Spain, the most bleak.The stone mole overwhelms her.The character scares him and his sullen face inspires piety.Another writer nun (very different from the Mexican) tells her that Castilla is like a strong wine.That religious that initiates with her the imaginary dialogue is Santa Teresa.That king possessed a creative passion that went through destruction.She talks with the nun of Avila, who has the countenance "red like a Castilian pitcher".Compare the lands of both.ParaGabriela, Castilla no tiene regazos; en cambio sus cerros elquinos hacen «cobijaduras for todas partes».The saint does not love fatty lands, soft men and women, accustomed to complacency, which translates into "vice of great words".In his opinion, naturalness is the daughter of Castile.Gabriela Contraataca, but is not a monument to pride? The nun responds, attributing responsibility to the character of the times.Spain fulfilled America;founded the giant;May Americans do their own.Such is the Teresian work order.This is a conversation sustained in 1925.Will travel through Castilla on the council of the Castilian nun.Will go to your city.La Sierra deGuadarrama le recuerda a su Magallanes, no a Manuel sino a esa ciudad del Estrecho donde reina largo la escarcha.When it arrives, Avila is also white in cold.The landscape resembles a "vulture neck".The saint will feel it as a work field.Prefers a page of the dwellings to the church dedicated to it.He feels sister of that "Majadera del Lord".The fantasy of the conversation induces her to ask why she began to write verses, why she dedicated himself to rhymes."I fell from my fingers," he says, "that also comes from love and not from thought with panting".Penetrates the explanatory zone of poetic art. «Oye: en cuanto vuelves y revuelves lo que vas a decir, se te pudre, como una fruta magullada; se te endurecen las palabras, hija, y es que atajas a laGracia, que iba caminando a tu encuentro».Andalusia is different, not Castilian;Spanish and medium Arab.Encuentra que en Sevilla y Córdoba (dice que aGranada no ha ido)… lo español retrocede; estorban un poco sus injertos intrusos; a trechos se le olvida.So impetuous is still the semi -presence.They look with an impertinent affection the lagged Arab faces that we find.She declares itself closer to Andalusia and its mixture than of Castilla.I felt that the Andalusian was more right to its roots and its notion of culture.This is also with Chilean popular speech.Culture is for her "the way of living", but with parallels that are on the way: rediscovering the house furniture, from the furniture that comes from the East and reminds of the Mexican Indian;of the lingerie, of the Arab mantle, of the carved of the fine materials, of the Cordoba talabartería.This makes it say that gaucho and huaso have caressed in their mount, without knowing it, an "Arabic thing";It leads her to accentuate that almost domestic idea of culture.Raza more acendrably cultured than those of the Arab-Spanish and the Jew.Nott in Africa, where he stayed, he has managed to double her.It has rightly been said that the same Arabs as Jews, in Spain they achieved their generations mayorazgos and that their aristocracy here was obtained as a drop of essence, whose distillation would have lost the secret.(172) is approximated by his passion for water, his cultivation of the language of the source, involved inside his rooms;The patios with the spirit of gardens, where the liquid is always smoothly sounding like a music that comes out of the aljibes.The kinship for the Hortelano trade also feels close, which reminds him of his land, the selection of botanical species, the sense of sweet fruit, that love for the inch of earth that moves her to Elqui.He interprets it as a fight against the thirst of his people who travel the desert.The source music.El jovenGarcía Lorca, en esos años tiene la revelación de lo árabe-español.Form the body and soul of his poetry.A single fish in the cordobas cordobas of Beauty -Broad Quebrada in Chorroscente Córdoba Lightning..Gabriela Mistral manages to name him.Being a contumaz writer, she will speak, by the way, her Spanish and Portuguese colleagues.And above all of those who belong to their guild twice: the inevitable and necessary poets.Para ella, el misterio de la península lo ahondan Maragall, Carner, Unamuno, el que denomina segundo Valle Inclán,Guerra Junqueiro, Eugenio de Castro,García Lorca, Alberti,Gerardo Diego y los demás.It is a fair and arbitrary list at the same time.Tends to compare them with those of their American overseas.Calls them Language Lightning.He invokes some names: "José Martí, Alfonso Reyes, Eduardo Barrios, Vicente Huidobro, Teres Ade la Parra and other beloved people ..." or not so dear.We warn that Vicente Huidobro names in good international company, who does not respect her.One day, Mathilde Pomes, translator from the Mistral to French, talking with the author of Equatorial, calls the Chilean big.His "Creationalist" compatriot disagree: "Great for the size," he says, ".It is nothing more than a village teacher ».Huidobro writes to Rosamel del Valle: "That poor mistral, milky and sweet, has a little milk in her breasts".The Lost Villarrio preceptor does not flinch.He notes that: Pedro Salinas has read his Max Jacob and his Apollinaire and his Huidobro;Likes;Surely he recognizes them, as I recognize them, that they have taken our hands from the caramel by intelerable molten, of the false sentimentality, and they have cured us of the scream.(173) recalls those who stayed there, in the harsh terroir and confirms what estimates a sterile period: I feel again to Chile and the voluntarily amojamado.Parece que se escriben menos versos que en los buenos tiempos de Cruchaga (¡tan aristocráticamente desconocido!), de Hübner, de De la Vega, deGuzmán y los otros de su Cábala.It seems, I say, that we return to the ugly tradition of the people who do not want adventures with poetry and have married, for a lifetime and not for a term marriage, to the Yankee, while it was convenient, with history and folklore.»Unintentionally, it seems that I would give him a little reason of reason Menéndez and Pelayomantuated long admiration for Don Miguel de Unamuno.The banishment moved have told that his house in Paris (from his sober and almost poor apartment) went to the subway to a coffee in which he had Spaniards and French Hispanophils.To talk, and from there he returned home on the same way without seeing Paris, without asking for news from Music-Halls, with a fabulous indifference of the "city of the pleases".And one day he could no longer with the boulevards and the Plaza del Carousel, and he went to his almost Spanish Hendaya.Hendaya has given him, among others, a poem that I have not been able to read without cry.According to its translator Mathilde Pomes, he suffered from delusions of persecution.During a writer meal in Madrid, it seemed to someone.He listens to, according to later, he explained that she feels gratitude because the Spanish conquerors came into contact with the Indies, which had not only said but also written but also written.Some exaggerated- that there are not only in Andalusia- or some chusco left over in Spain- or a bad thought- which neither are missing- made a very specific clarification aloud: «What happens is that this lady does not know that if theSpaniards took Indias, it was because there were no cute ».Gabriela puts himself out of his.Intends to replicate.Impossible! Everything is laughing, teasing, jokes, jocular comments and spicy.You can't say what you think and what you feel.Finish, he addresses the one who seems the noblest of those present, morally and intellectually speaking, the "consciousness of Spain", Don Miguel de Unamuno.This is not right.She wants to argue but the atmosphere has lost all seriousness.He says something in favor of the Indians and mestizos of America;Not one listens to her;Someone (she attributes it to Unamuno, which is almost unlikely) replies: "Let them die!" Then he confessed that at that time he felt that the umbilical cord was cut that joined Spain.A bitter, he wrote letters to Chile telling what happened.His disappointment was aggravated by the persecution and rudeness that rained in that last stretch of the dictatorship.In his correspondence to Armando Donoso confidence his disappointment.That letter was not intended for advertising, but leaked.A tall, solid, brown, clumsy walking and voice of little girl, who was then considered a significant writer and directed the family magazine, Marta Brunet, perhaps involuntarily something to do with the matter.Conversaba entonces amable conmigo for los corredores de la empresa Zig-Zag, en los tiempos que allí se editaba nuestra Antología de la poesía chilena nueva (en colaboración con Eduardo Anguita), que injustamente, for prurito de extremismo literario o vanguardismo poético, excluía aGabriela Mistral. Supongo que no figuraba en los planes de Marta Brunet desatar una tormenta eléctrica; el caso es que ella encargó a Miguel Munizaga –un crítico de cine, oriundo de la misma región deGabriela- que escribiese un artículo sobre su coterránea.He requested that new background to Armando Donoso;This was delivered by a letter where the dynamite letter was going.It was possible to assume that this article would not reach Spain.(Although, apparently, there were people in Santiago who quickly dispatched all explosive information.Gabriela se refiere a una española santiaguina que «me hizo dejar los Madrides»)En España vivía el almirante del barco fantasma, el Hermano Errante, a quienGabriela no había escatimado la palabra acogedora, llamándolo for escrito «nuestro compañero ilustre».As happened in Madrid, he gave me an unforgettable afternoon in the student residence with the reading of his family thousandsz.Rarely Kabala's poet has found a throat worthy of him in an August.Me preparaba a la lectura con un exordio de comentaristas del Zohar: «Esta vez será verdad,Gabriela; usted va a oír a un poeta que maneja materiales inéditos del misterio Y cuya palabra de cuarenta años podría ser de setecientos.The promise this time will be fulfilled, fulfilled overcoming ».And the day began, which lasted three generous hours, which I will always thank him for, because he wanted, like the ancient guest, take to his table, for me, his most golden faisan ... (176) In the trance, the wandering brother served himAn indigestible dish.D’Halmar opened his eyes par.We don't know if he smiled or said Eureka!Faced with sensational discovery.But it is known that he hit the scandalized cry and extended it through Spain.The news jumped to advertising.All Hispanic nationalism exploded as a punctured in the sacrum.The outrage composed a furious orchestra score.Spanish dignity was at stake.Ella quiso de nuevo recordar que no aprobaba la Leyenda NegraDurantetwo años yo he escrito una sesentena de artículos sobre asuntos europeos, destinados a cuatro diarios de capitales americanas.Among that set, about twenty was dedicated to Spanish news..(177).This antecedent did not earn Sangae asked for the sacrilegious head.He had to start from Madrid and take refuge in Lisbon.She would never forget the matter;She would never forgive any of those who had a small or large, direct or suslays participation, in the one she judged "furry conspiracy".He would continue to denounce them.Una cosa… muy criollaPasados los años, desde California, quiere interiorizar atwo españoles que quiere, Juan Ramón Jiménez y su mujer, doña Zenobia Camprubí, sobre ciertos entretelones de su abrupta salida de Madrid y de paso refutar su mala fama de anti.Everything looks, naturally, with its particular perspective, which in some cases does not lack foundation and suspicion.He sends them a letter with revelations that some would judge indiscreet, even dangerous: dear Zenobia, very dear and very thoughtful: I am translating the letter of our gift, aka Juan Ramón […].My antispañola legend has little really.Tal vez venga de que siempre declaro el que mi padre era muy «aindiado»; tenía unos bigotes caídos como elGengis-Kan.They say my grandfather was a pure Indian, from Atacama.I didn't know him.His wife, my grandmother Villanueva was a cream.My maternal grandmother was a red.This last name is a Spanish book by Hebrew too.I don't like denying my people.When my Madrid threw me off they didn't have much reason.What really had in my expulsion - as Consul from Madrid - was a very ... Creole thing.Two candidates, a colleague of letters and an idem who wanted to be consul and consul, respectively, there in Madrid.The second was the one who made a letter of mine publish in Santiago.This asked that "they took me out of this Spain from the moment that was already the beginning of the civil war".I wrote that letter a day when I got a man stabbed to the office on the staircase of my apartment;We take it to my beds bleeding.I asked for my transfer that same day.But the Francoists had already requested the same, since on the day of that public.The colleague triumphed.She was named for Buenos Aires.As always happens, because someone looks and sees, she was named for Argentina and expelled from the service shortly after, at Argentina it seems.This is the story.My Spaniards do not know it until today ... (178) Little Chilean! I had no elephant skin.It was painfully sensitive to criticism.He is greatly affected by the book by Raúl Silva Castro, who decided to go out to the sand with all his weapons to end the Mistral myth.The monument tumbador drives a virtuoso bulldozer.Attack implicit rudeness in verses of the impostor who speaks of the tribulations of the flesh, uses words as shocking as injury, sores, blood.Notthing with body functions.For the puritano and antianatomic exegete, these terms are nothing but samples of morbid and lousy deletion.The worst is that an untouchable aura has been manufactured.She is sacred dogma in schools and high schools.He has been granted absolute license to sing, even with impudicia.Deserving jail or exile, instead it is rewarded with excessive praise and panegyric delusions, "... each of its loss has been apologized and commended all its audacies as a summum of poetic art and even the gospel of poetry".He gets it out that there are people who find it great.It makes him doubt his blood clean.From there, his vehementísima inclination towards the Bible, of which he does not choose the New Testament -a source of moral principles incorforated into the soul of the Mediterranean man -but to the ancient one, which reflects the turbulent sensuality and materialism of the Jewish people in everything thatIt is maladaptable to the western spirit ».He accuses her not to fear, of not stopping before the limit, of being abrupt, direct, shameless, to call blood to the blood and the entrails, bowels.He has no reco in exhibiting naked in his feelings and passions.The critic discovers another defect: "Lack of chastity".From there deduces the antipatriotic crime, the without Chileanity of the reckless. «Con el ardor en que se consume, la elección no siempre afortunada de palabras, una exaltación inmoderada del tono que corre entre un ditirambo excesivo y un realismo rastrero, los rasgos en los cuales se ve más profundamente cuán poco chilena es la poesía deGabriela Mistral."Little Chilean! In addition, Burda and Pedanteno forgives" his incredible vulgarities and his presumptuous errors ".In the background, his entire work is an imposture, shaved by a lack of decorum, which perhaps is not explained by the sinuosities of a dark spirit but also by the lack of tranquility and sense of, the profortions."In other compositions, dangerous from the rude to the grotesque, the turbulent to the rudeness and breaks the rhythm and discayes the image, because it does not conform to work in peace and calm its stanza and its verse».Silva Castro condemns those who admire these demonic verses.The 1914 award is judged by a crime against poetry.«Only at the time of hurry, or the jury criteria for a deplorable bad taste, such sonnets may have been awarded.They lack Iodo, all literary art, and are as dark and twisted as if they were the cartoon of a poetry.»Of prosecutor before the Literary Court, Silva Castro, then becomes part of the Holy Inquisition or the Sacred Congregation of Faith.Will not let the deception of the impious thrive.«Gabriela Mistral has passed as a Christian poet in the eyes of many people.It is curious that no one has repaired these serious forgetfulness of the doctrine of their religion in elementary matters.»One of its capital sins is indecent realism, its not hiding anything, its shameless frankness that pretty with an unconscious cynicism.«In his realism, as seen, he finds no limit or hindrance;Everything seems good in such that it allows them to say what other women hide by modestRemember that you are a woman's son.Afortunadamente –salvo manifestaciones aisladas-la poesía americana no ha seguido esa poesía realista que señalaraGabriela Mistral en poemas que llegan a parecer impúdicos.»Silva Castro tal vez sólo sea citado en el futuro for lo que escribió contraGabriela Mistral.Failed to knock down the idol.Portugal was pleasant, hospitable.In an International Congress of Writers - where there were great letters - the honor went to her.En Santiago -menos mal- el Congreso Nacional aprobó un mensaje, designando aGabriela cónsul vitalicio con derecho a elegir residencia.He was the first Chilean who obtained such designation.This recognition did not reconcile with the country, but assured him a certain material base that would allow him to live far without economic shocks.In 1938 he assumed the consulate in Nice.Soon he feels heat.Would go back to the tropics.What would that first place that I would choose in the Mapamundi? The question fits because it was known in advance that the pathiloca did not last long, because not even the most beautiful cities should not make us forget that paradise does not exist in this dogworld.She pointed with a finger in the globe: Nitroi marked;General consul in Brazil.Then he would go to Potropolis, where the court of the Emperor of the House of Braganza was installed in the last century.Un ahogado y amigo llamado FreiEduardo Freí Montalva sostiene conGabriela una correspondencia forjada for mutuas simpatías y la atención de encargos de índole práctica encomendados for la ausente.The politician was a friend and lawyer of his.It is not strange then that the epistolary is crossed by brief descriptions of office procedures and is a small monument to "return tomorrow" chilensis.Pero for ese epistolario circulan también ideas, informaciones nacionales, preocupaciones for un mundo hundido en la SegundaGuerra mezcladas con liquidaciones de cuentas, anuncios sobre despachos de sueldos, giros telegráficos a Niza, posibilidades de compraventa de casas, amén de la árida prosa referente a hipotecas y gravámenes, testamentos; envío de dólares y problemas con los cambios diferenciales.All far from poetry.Freí slogan your conversation data with emelina.Ella quiere comprar la casa que su media hermanaGabriela posee en La Serena, pero en la Caja dispone sólo de 65 mil pesos.It is curious: to these efforts the President of the Republic of that time (1940), his friend and protector Pedro Aguirre Cerda is linked.But in his legal office a misplaced and of little nose is refused to serve the Alto and Narigón lawyer, who sponsors the matters of the Mistral, without smelling that he in 1964 will be elected, as his employer, president of the Republic.Nott everything is in that exchange of letters of fleece and abomination of bureaucracy.Freí le pido aGabriela que le consiga con Jacques Maritain un retrato dedicado.In addition, he requests a prologue for "a little book that I have already finished" (politics and spirit).Well, not only from bread lives the woman and ... the man.She is always self -fortrait: "I go with an Indian step in affairs".And complaining, criticizing."Oh, the greatest evil, my friend, is the unhappy poor man who gives our middle class".He does not like the initial name of his correspondent's party.He tells him about "the double baptismal mistake: that of being called conservatives and being called Falangists".She, on the other hand, will continue to rehearse political self -deficiency, influenced by her indigenism: ... I usually realize that I am a socialist;but not of Blum, nor of the Sanguinos Stalin, but […] of the Empire of the Incas, or of the plagiarism of her, the Missions of Paraguay [...] or of any good Italian convent [another of her love]].(179) And on the opposite face of the divisional currency, the prophetic eye returns its chronic phobias: .....But milichers to make a sap and there will be […].The fascist people who want to govern us premieres with writers […].Is a ….Parent that some of them are wrapped […].The one who has shipwrecked in Franco's pseudohispanidad is Scarpa whom I esteem a lot literally, but whom I have not treated.(180) Cartament is part of the biography.Epistles are like the lamps that miners carry on their foreheads to desce.VIII Arrival and departure of Yin-Yinpetopolis is for her a "hill spill, disorderly dance that seems like women, and happy women [...], with her colored perceptions".He calls him "perpetual party".It has no outline.There is always spring.However, one morning .... precisamente la del «horrible día 23» de febrero de 1942, sintió que hasta allí llegaba el estruendo y la carnicería de la SegundaGuerra Mundial.Shortly before, about ten days, he was having lunch at his friend Stefan Zweig, a day after Petropolis.It had been - as usual - a cordial encounter, very to his liking.She announced the coming of Waldo Frank, who would stay at home.Zweig proposed to share it for a few days.He prepared an Austrian lunch and served it between laughs, culinary comments and news exchange.Después, en la terraza, donde le agradaba trabajar, él le leyó una carta de Roger Martin DuGard.The war was the issue of the correspondence of that time.Después se buscaron para asistir a una recepción en laGobernación.Hitler seemed triumphant and in this resided Zweig's greatest anguish.He wrote his autobiography, Vienna years and prewar Europe.It was nostalgic.Gabriela planned to discover in her many things she didn't know about her good friend.His wife always accompanied him.They were almost thirty years apart.She thirtiesitrés;He sixty.Zweig liked to say: "In years I am more than his father".But she took care of him like a child.Not necesitaba protegerlo del clima, pero sí del mucho escribir y del exceso de caminar, que, segúnGabriela, era su «único vicio».He also had to strengthen his mood and nerves to the fateful cables.Did you trust Hitler's fall, despite so many ads of his victory? I longed for the end of the war."Enough of horror," he repeated.His separation from the German language hurt a lot.Do not hear it around it, not understand everything that was said in the conversation, the ’books and newspapers, on streets and news, caused a depressing inferiority and isolation.In the case of a writer, that deprivation is more acute and torturing.Al mediodía del 23,Gabriela pasó en autobús frente a la casa de la pareja Zweig, ubicada a media colina; divisó sus columnatas,Supuso que él estaría escribiendo su autobiografía.He lay down and lifted late.At nine o'clock at night, already in bed, the phone startled her.It could be bad;But -What horrible! "She finally managed to understand that the Zweig had died.He thought of a car accident;She left as a car to her house, upset, "with a sensation of sleepwalks that do absurd things;Knowing them dead was not possible for us, and dead for suicide, less ».He knew that when she in the morning, about twelve, passed in front of the house, they had already expired, but nobody knew.The employee did not miss much from the couple's delay to get up.At noon he put his ear at the door and had the impression that he listened to the breathing of the "Mr. Zweig".At four in the afternoon he dared to open the door;He realized the police;At that time a French architect came and asked about the owners of the house;She told him, pointing to the bedroom: «Yes, there are;But they are dead ».Gabriela reproached not to have seen them more, so much as to see her secret.I felt that "that flat man like a creature, tender in friendship as I don't know how to say it and really adorable," transmitted to her a feeling of affection and tenderness. «Not pudimos hacer nada for él, aparte de quererle… »De nuevo la había tocado de cerca el suicidio, esta vez en la ciudad de la «fiesta perpetua»Su leal amiga y secretaria, la diplomática mexicana PalmaGuillén, está recordando:Para que se vea hasta qué puntoGabriela era apasionada y firme en sus principios, he aquí un hecho: lo que la decidió a dejar Lisboa y venir a América, fue que Juanito, un chamaco todavía, se mezclaba con sus amigos de la escuela, en las «Mocidades», la organización fascista de juventudes, yGabriela quiso sacarlo de ese ambiente…(181)¿Quién era Juanito? ¿Un inesperado sobrino suyo, que un día un hermano de padre le entregó, casi recién nacido?Ella pasaba entonces for amarillos aprietos.It is known that the Government of General Ibáñez -Contra whose dictatorship wrote a few clarities- took away the retirement.He had an incomplete occupation at the Intellectual Cooperation Institute, in Paris.In that city, or in Marseille, where she used to travel for climate reasons, she received the unexpected visit of a young stranger.Seeing him perceived a vaguely familiar air.Tenía su apellido y el mismo nombre del descubridor de Chañarcillo, JuanGodoy.But he had not found any mine and did not have a five.He appeared as his brother or stepbrother.The common father, in his adventures, pregnant a young Argentina.La historia no extrañó aGabriela.His sympathetic and irresponsible parent, armed with the guitar, sucks doing it when the occasion was presented.In addition, the chronicle recorded the fact as really happened.He did not hesitate the truth of the kinship;The brother became a person of his trust.Gabriela se desplazaba también con frecuencia a Barcelona, donde se movía entre escritores y maestros, lostwo gremios de su vida.It was virtually an idol for secondary teachers, who admired their poetry.His brother Juan participated in the meetings as a loud hunter.He set the aim at a beautiful Catalan, María Mercedes. (Los nombres varían según las fuentes: PalmaGuillén dice que su nombre era Martha Muñoz; otros -como Juan Mujica de la Fuente- sostienen sin absoluta certeza que se llamaba María Mercedes Font.Isolina Barrazade Estay, pariente de Emelina, la hermanastra deGabriela, afirma que su nombre era Marta Mendoza).Gabriela realized the love relationship.He believed his duty to put the seizure on guard: he said bluntly that his brother was a crazy bullet.(He had to leave!) He lacked a known profession, except for his enrollment in the foreign legion bet in Africa at the service of France.He recommended that he did not embark on a marriage without a future.He only had a presence;Notne money.Poor of solemnity.And she also walked to sticks with the eagle, scratching how to survive, what she did thanks to her newspaper articles, conferences and sforadic courses or talks in universities.He spoke to a wall, but to a wall in love.The marriage was done ... maybe she decided to marry because she wanted to live love and leave a son.The son arrived.El acta de bautismo en 1925, en Barcelona, registra el nombreof juan MiguelGodoy.The mother - who hastened to live because he knew he was sentenced to an early death - tuberculous died shortly afterwards.El medio hermano deGabriela, a principios de 1926, le llevó el niño.He told her that she couldn't have it, she left her. «¡Bien -dijo ella-, pero a condición que no vuelvas nunca a reclamarlo!» PalmaGuillén evoca el episodio:Yo no estaba conGabriela en esos momentos.She, for the cold, was in Marseille and I had gone to Paris for a matter of work to the Institute for Intellectual Cooperation of Paris, who had her sessions at the Palais Royal and where she worked, and I with her.She was head of the letters section.He called me on a telegram and when I arrived I found her very busy because I had no practice of child care and did not know what to do with a child they took him.La vida deGabriela, aunque muy dura desde el punto de vista económico-forque durante la primera infancia de Yin-Yin ella vivió de su pura pluma, escribiendo artículos-, su vida, digo, fue plena y feliz forque tenía aquel niño que adoraba y forque trabajaba para él.Practically lived for him.(182) Gabriela calls him Yin or Yin-Yin.And he pampered it with all the excess of his character and the passion of a frustrated mother who finally had a son of her blood, although she had not given it.El escritor mexicano Andrés Iduarte aforta datos complementarios en su artículo «En torno aGabriela Mistral», aparecido en Cuadernos americanos.Referring to his permanence at the home of the Mistral in Bedarrides, Vaucluse, reproduces in a few words the imfortance he attributed to the child as part of his life: "God has to give me health - he told me in 1939 - to ensure for him a few more years".About his kinship with Yin-Yin there were all kinds of versions.His half -sister Emelina is very skeptical: «Look, little daughter, that natural brother does not exist.If Lucila wants to adopt a child, he didn't have to invent that brother ».Son varios los que piensan que Yin-Yin es hijo de la carne de la MistralMaría Urzúa -escritora que fue secretaria deGabriela en Petrópolis de 1944 a 1945- cree derechamente que Yin-Yin es hijo de la Mistral.«He was born possibly in Africa.Maybe in Algeria, at the end of 1925 ».El desenvuelto Ricardo Latcham, conocido crítico -quien estudió literatura en España- descubre al padre con nombre y apellido: «Yin-Yin es hijo deGabriela Mistral y Eugenio D’Ors».There are no doubt.Yin-Yin had literary hobbies.He wrote a novel.Gabriela slid in confidence some critical observations and he pieces the text.He left him a very laconic letter: dear mom, I think I do better to abandon things as they are.I have not known how to overcome.I hope that in another world there is more happiness;affectionately yin-yin.Un abrazo a PalmaSe me matóCuando aún suele volverle la imagen del dormitorio de Stefan Zweig, con lostwo suicidas, el 14 de agosto de 1943 muere en Petrópolis, a los dieciocho años, Juan Miguel, envenenado con unatwois de arsénico."Suicide", certifies the death certificate.Gabriela, stunned, self -absorbed, mute, accept this version in the first months.Then react.Start talking about murder or "induced suicide".Later he adds in a letter to Alfonso Reyes: The imfortant thing is that I freed myself from a straight country and a stuck Boca.Where Juan Miguel was committed suicide -because it turns out that he did not commit suicide ... (183) years later, in a consular trade (Not. 17/10, 1947) to the Chilean Ministry of Foreign Affairs, reforts: My tragic experience of Brazil -The death -The deathof a debt caused by the fact that "Ele was Branco de Mais"- hard as a sore in my memory.»In another letter to Alfonso Reyes, written from Roslyn Harbor, New York, in 1954, repeats his accusation:… And I went to Brazil where they would kill my yin and give it to me for suicide.I fell into a bitter resentment towards him, for months.When Christmas arrived, the band that persecuted him at school arrived at my house, whole, the four.I had the courage to ask them why they had killed such a sweet and such noble friend for each of them.And this was the answer: -We know that the lady continues to think about that.But that I had to pass in my chair and answered him -Why did he "have to happen"?-because he had thingsI was going to buy shoes and clothes for me? -Hel his name and his name that gave him prestige.He was also the tarmer of more-Villains, ”I told them;He was not to blame for being white or that you are black.»‘Su amiga cubana Dulce María Loynaz alude a ese capítulo con información extraída de conversaciones, en un «recuerdo lírico>>:Yin-Yin era, como todos saben, hijo de un hermano semifabuloso de la poetisa, que se lo trajo cuando aquél era tan sólo un tierno infante.Leaving it to the fraternal embers and disappearing was a whole.Júzgade the emotion of this woman eager for maternity, hungry for a tenderness that only seemed to her, when, suddenly, she is surprised with a little boy who falls from heaven, in her arms.Raised it and educated lovingly.It was the only creature of her in the world, and she accepted loneliness if she could flourish her old dream between her frost.But behold, the same tragedy that overshadowed his youth years stalked him again in the twilight of his existence.Soon he would have to give him the passage, he would smell the fangs again, as if he had fond of the taste of his blood.It was Yin-Yin, in the saying of the poet, docile of a nature, clear, sensitive, intelligent;He was also alive and cheerful like a cervatillo.He turned his fifteen, and that Christmas Eve wanted to go to a schoolmate party.It was his first and last party, because Yin-Yin died that same night poisoned.Los anales policiales registraron el caso como suicidio, y el mundo entero se estremeció al conocer el triste fin del niño amado forGabriela: otro suicidio en su vida, otro perder de igual manera la criatura de su corazón.However, this time he resisted admitting that he had voluntarily been abandoned again, reclamed in the same cross.He always argued, until the end -not me alone -that the child had been killed, although he never gave us an fulfilled explanation of such inconceivable crime.(186) She practiced not so much the cult of the dead as the cult of pain for the dead.Thus began his literary career.But his life itself was populated with the pertinaz and detailed memory of the "bad death".More attenant than the end of Romelio, of his mother, of his sister, was for her the death of Yin, "my little boy", now more little girl than ever.He tells it a thousand times, as if the funeral carousel never stopped."And writing these three words still seems to me a dream:" I was killed "".He repeats it three months later.And he will say it three years later.He feels that she is crazy because what happened is crazy.The Great, the dreadful absurdity of the world.His mind begins to spin the skein of the causes.For her, more than suicide was a crime.The fault is "a band of evil that mistreated her in an odious school full of xenophobia".She apologizes to Yin.Talk to him.He clarifies his mistake."I didn't send you to that school and you could have left it at any time".He talks about racism upside down, of those who hostilize the one they see different, with that ruthless cruelty of youth bands, in this case of "mulatto hooliganes". «Le decían el francés»; se reían de su joroba, que paraGabriela no era sino un «lomito doblado».Those that could be quarrels of boys or jealousy by young girls, or heavy jokes, affected him to die.Cuando en un salón de baile invitaba a una pareja a una samba no faltaba el amigo infeliz que denunciara a gritos sus aventuras con mujeres de la vida, cuidando que lo escucharan las mamás o las chaperonas vigilantes, las señoras bigotes, como llamabaGabriela a las aristócratas de la antigua ciudad imperial.She was sure of understanding it, because he looked like her susceptibility.He collided and mortified the rudeness, that they treated him badly or told him unpleasant things.His aunt adds that his sensitivity, because of the exaggerated, "seemed that of a desolate".He gave all the advice of a worried mother;She begged him to leave less, that she stayed at home.But it was impossible to retain it.A double danger lived in him: he could only be in the middle of the people and was not prepared for it because he had no eyes for perversity or to warn the deception.It was not realized that a stranger was there anyway;Although he belonged to a consul's family, he was an outsider.El arrepentimiento deGabriela se hace más agudo for haberle impuesto su «vida errante», un deambular de país en país, mudando continentes, impidiéndole echar raíces.The poor man was in love with a German young woman.Truth or lie, the bandita of his school told him and convinced him that that girl considered him an unfriendly.It was a lot for him and I would never accept it.Gabriela jumps outraged as a tigress to which the puppy touches.False: your child is superior to it in everything, in human quality, in resources, in culture, even physically.But Yin fell into the Celada because he never had the awareness of his own worth.Lo sintió sufrir terriblemente en aquel año de 1943, pero no for la SegundaGuerra Mundial, que mataba en su furibundo apogeo, ni for la fobia antigermana que dominaba a su tía.She saw her so desperate that she armed resignation to tell her that, although she was German and did not know her, she could marry the girl and live together in the house, where there were some unemployed rooms.Yin replied that he would not marry.Electra and Oedipus - Sobrino in the complexities of their feelings is not excluded by the love of aunt to the nephew, the mother for the son.That test would increase their loneliness, but would unite them, in a deep way.We lived a kind of idyll, because being alone linked us much more;He knew about my heart ailment and took care of me as a primor, with unspeakable tenderness.And there is no one to make me understand that this child who got up at midnight for having heard me breathing bad from today.He now lived his taste: he didn't like visits and had a sense of the house that seemed Arabic.(187) Pain is greater because of its eagerness for identification.More than someone explains that the root of the tragedy lies in the boy's character.Gabriela vehement.Its people were, it is and will be like that while there is.And if you doubt, look at her and convince themselves.Acaso aquello de la índole fatal es un mal de losGodoy.They all live torture.It is our normality and I did not disturb me too much of Yin's small oddities.Worse I'm myself.But that boy has something uniquely strange.Such explanation does not reject it at all.After all, the childbirth was with Forceps, who damaged the mother and the child a lot.The poor thing was with five or six bruises in the head and a large scar on the neck.Maybe that mishap affected him the nervous system.The young man has been besieged for the temptations of the world.SegúnGabriela, una francesa madura anda rondándolo.Comes to see it from Sao Paulo.And he tempts him.Le insiste en que abandone a su familia, o sea a su tíaGabriela, y se vayan a vivir juntos.Yin has told him no;He prefers to continue with his aunt;He has become homemade;Change furniture;It is registered in clubs, cancels annual fees.Not piensa en matarseGabriela no cree en la droga asesina; en cambio, culpa a los que le perturbaron el cerebro Los responsables, a su juicio, no son sólo los «tres de la banda»; acusa también a unos de lastwo mafias que lo cercaban."They correspond to the snakes that work the world even in its minimum corners".She rammed against malefactors.He expels them from the house.Cuando su «chiquito» ya había muertotwo de la banda golpearon a la puerta.She was paralyzed in her room.He points out that for nine days he could not walk.Por eso los recibieron «dos bobos»,two amigos sin malicia que dejaron irse a los sospechosos sin averiguarles nada.Premonition women, it smelled that the danger floated in the environment.Moved by funestos signs in the last week of his life, as well as to snatch him to a mortal fate, he held conversations with him and proposed plans that put him covered in the risk that surrounded him.He told him that in the end he had gathered the money necessary for him to study or, if he preferred, to have an initial capital that would allow him to embark on small businesses that left him free hours to read and write, as he liked.Gabriela emphasizes that his literary dynasty had the representative of a new generation in him.Cuenta que el muchacho escribía… muy bien; pero muy bien sus novelas de ensayo en una lengua limpia y sobria, sin un solo lugar común, con un fondo de pesimismo muyGodoy, con una rara elegancia de sintaxis, sin vicio de sentimentalismo, con ironía, y adentro con una agudeza y una sutileza que nunca vi en gente de su edad.(188) In her eternal winding around the subject, she will immerse her conjectures about the conflict of civilizations and the failures of the continent.Yin had been born and lived in nations where certain ugly customs of our lands did not prevail.Therefore: Yin never emboda with the country or the South Americans in general;Our confusion and our habit of lies and hypocrisy disgusted him vividly.Gabriela says a brief phrase of mea guilt and then exposes her download, I might sacrifice him with bringing him from Europe.But how was I going to stay or leave it in the middle of the war without superlative that came? If the world conflict reached in Europe and in Asia the climax of horror, did not forgive America, even if outside of another way war has undressed so many sad so many sadTruths of my American Creole people, it has made me see them so blind and so without near remedy, that their passion that had absorbed and spent abassn and turning off.(189) Back to lamentation.Doña Job Mistral is crying, and maybe exaggerating.Because the child - improcts - was not a fortion of his life;It was life itself.His had ended.«Life, personal, I didn't have a long time.Less than ever in these years of Brazil »ashes on the head.Elegy after Elegía.Worship without remediola house was him, the day he, the reading he.I know that God roughly punishes idolatry and that it does not only mean the cult of images uncontrollable suffering makes it truly idolatrous.He clings again to the doctrine of reincarnation.Yin must live again.It falls to the heresy that had hugged fleetingly in his youth.Talk about karma.He immediately turns in demand for comfort to the Greeks, invoking stoicism, by evoking the silence or words of the young man dying of arsenic in the hospital.Crazy for recovering or feeling it or understanding it, it will give ears to the sorcerers of the Macumba.It has fallen into the hands of the mystery and is said as a pagan prayer again and again: "It does not come from now on, but from a dark shore that you do not know, this blow, this ax and this ash".He has turned his back on Christianity and rejects comfort.Since he does not have it in the vigil he wants to have it in sleep, provoke the feeling of his presence, because only in this way he feels living. Imagina que si PalmaGuillén hubiera estado en casa talvez su destino sería distinto.But "Palmita was late to save him".Gabriela acknowledges that his Mexican secretary professed by the boy a "lucid love", instead of his was foolish.He contemplates herself and is condued to look so broken.The love has been left alone.Nott anyone can replace it.He wants to die soon to get together with him.There is some almost aesthetic and masochistic pleasure in how you can see and feel sorry for itself.Ahora no me queda sino una hermana tendida, postrada y con setenta ytwo años.Poetry was never something so strong for me to replace this precious child with a conversation as a child, young man and old.Another cannot dazzle me like him;There is no company that covers my right side like him, when I went through those streets of frozen and hard foreigners;There is also no gift of oblivion in me for such an experience.I have it braided with me in every five minutes.Y yo voy viviendo entwo planos, de manera peligrosa.To tell them more is useless, because I have not told you anything in three pages.You ever pray for him, to those of you who do not believe much.I live better than ever in the uncertainty of eternal life and a unique thought aplaces me and puts me to sleep every night;the one that I was going to leave him soon and to live my oversmand with him in a short time, in the short term.(190) That night Aciaga called the Embassy to get a car in order to move to the hospital.Pidió hablar con el embajador,GabrielGonzález Videla.They didn't give him, she scored him on the list of his sores.Cuenta que, pasado un tiempo,two miembros de la pandilla juvenil vinieron a decirle que los otros lo habían asesinado.This, which she calls confession, felt it as a release from her own fault.As proclaimed predestined to misfortune, he feared that the child had killed himself because he felt miserable with her.Notw I knew that it was not true or, at least, that she had not driven him to suicide.Not, Yin "was happy with me".He did not want to voluntarily death.They killed him, "they killed him! But he was happy with me".Lo repite como una cantinela en una velada de confidencias, a su amiga Matilde Ladrón deGuevara.The Mistral was about to go crazy.He took that death in tow in what would still have to live.And he dedicated himself for a while to write prayers to Yin-Yin, his nephew and adoptive son.Transcribed "five dreams" with Yin.He went to Christ and the Virgin.A certain tone is recognized already in desolation.Divine ear of Christ, listen and go to the voice and your search that Juan Miguel is doing.Sofitities and softness that are in Christ, curate as injured son of John Miguel ... I beg for the Holy Spirit, God the Father and the Holy Trinity.Luego eleva «Oraciones a las Potencias Angelicales for Yin» Y «Oraciones a los muertos y a los santos for Yin»LAS VÍSCERAS DE LAGLORIAAL PARECER, las dignidades del Premio Notbel atraviesan for los intestinos de la burocracia y se cuecen en la cocina de la literatura.The palace hides reserved corners.To the brilliant and magnificent stage, with the presence of the king, you reach secret corridors, where the viscera of glory are discussed.The procedure crosses the awards process that shows some analogy with that of sanctification or religious consecrations.Not lack..In none of them the devil's lawyer, nor the pressures, recommendations, maneuvers and fierce competition entered the sponsors of candidates.Notbelized should travel a path through successive barbed fences.YaGabriela había explicado muchos años antes «forqué las rosas tienen espinas».The vast majority will not reach the goal.Before the end of life comes.The Notbel Prize was born by a crisis of consciousness.It is originated by a kind of catharsis or self -depending that the dynamite inventor is imposed.Thanks to her accumulates an astronomical fortune.Big death manufacturer, maybe the deceased, multiplied, as if that were not enough, on geometric scale for their trade with nitroglycerin.Alfred Notbel, prototype of the semi -spring sinner, perhaps accept the coexistence of virtue and crime.With the money of the killings, accumulated in almost all the wars of the time, decides to reward the contribution to whom it gives greater benefit to humanity.Philanthropist, but not dumb or so much, will respect the capital.It will simply remove a fraction of its income -creinta million Swedish crowns- in order to institute a baptized award with its name.This advertising effect will be converted to future generations into a benefactor of man and culture.He will not forget his colleagues by profession.The Notbel Prize will reward each year to those who have made the most outstanding discovery or chemical invention.The same in the field of Physics, Physiology and Medicine.But there is an admiring area in his spirit that looks beyond the sciences of nature.A certain contradictory attraction for beautiful expression and a hypocritical or sincere weakness towards what he calls the world of ideals.Therefore, it will also reserve a part of the interests of its deadly empire to exalt the "Brotherhood of Peoples", the suppression or reduction of permanent armies and the celebration and promotion of peace conferences.That is, it will reward your opposite.The devil puts a crossing store and exalts the Los Angeles flight.It also institutes the one who will soon be the most desired of the world's literacy laurels.As it meets a Notrdic, exact and forecasting temperament, Alfred Notbel establishes in his testament of Notvember 27, 1876 thorough specifications.Define with notarial precision who will compose jurors in the different branches of their prize.Man takes care of morality.Reiterates that its granting will be done with entire independence of political or state influences.Some psychologist would find a suggestive matter of analysis penetrating one of the largest death propagators of the nineteenth century, which resolves to be at peace with the surviving world by allocating part of the money kneaded with the blood of millions so that it will wash its guilty forehead, theCover with an innocent guirnalda of supreme pacifist, friendly science protector and humanitarian flattering of the beautiful letters.The Notbel Prize for Literature has been the maximum aspiration of a multitude of writers in the twentieth century. ¿Pero es cierto que su adjudicación siempre se ha mantenido al margen de «influencias políticas y estatales», a presiones de grupos e instituciones, a simpatías o malquerencias ideológicas? ¿Nadie que ansió ser agraciado nunca realizó una gestión para conseguirlo?¿De quién fue la idea?El tramo que antecede a la concesión del Notbel aGabriela puede arrojar clarificadores destellos sobre ese espacio secreto, que gira en sordina for pasadizos oscuros y despliega en la sombra una serie de movimientos escondidos antes que estalle la luz espléndida en el Concert Husset, la gran sala de Estocolmo donde se hace la entrega solemne.Who was the idea of proposing the prize for the Chilean writer?From a compatriot moved by admiration?Was it occurred to a Creole politic.The project did not sprout in the Magín de a Chileno.It was the Ecuadorian writer Adela Velasco the mother of the effort.The fact reveals that if no one is a prophet in their land, it can be a little more in the big house.Gabriela Mistral at that time enjoys greater recognition in the rest of Latin America than in her country.Pero había un chileno bien puesto para el cual el nombre deGabriela Mistral no era desconocido ni indiferente: el Presidente de la República.Pedro Aguirre Cerda received a letter dated in Quito requesting him to sponsor the candidacy of his former friend for the Notbel.The proposition seemed logical and deserved;He moved the state apparatus in motion;He instructed the diplomatic service;He asked Carlos Errázuriz, Ambassador of Chile in Sweden, to dedicate his best reveals to that mission.Este respondió que era amigo deGabriela hacía diez años y nada le sería más grato.The president requested a plan, prior refort on the requirements, uses and customs of the jury to discern it.In other words, it became an official task of the Chilean government, on whose steps, naturally, strict stealth should be kept.She, apparently, was not consulted in advance, or perhaps the disregard was made, the one who did not know, even if he watched the movements sideways and exploded in tantrums when a management was made that disliked or judged him clumsy.However, not everything is silence.En El Mercurio del 17 de agosto de 1939, aparece un suelto de crónica en que se informa que se ha iniciado en Chile un movimiento a fin de obtener el premio Notbel de Literatura paraGabriela Mistral.It is noted that the Minister of Public Education, Don Rudecindo Ortega, has already taken the first steps in such a direction.Por aquel tiempoGabriela Mistral trabajaba como cónsul en Niza, donde una comunicación oficial le anunció el interés del gobierno chileno.Read it with some embarrassment.It was delayed to answer it.In the answer it is reluctant.Yes, Algola Initiative has known in Ecuador.Then he was welcomed in Argentina.I would have preferred that they first inform him from Santiago.But this does not miss him.Things are like that.What matters to her is that nobody thinks that she is behind that request.Algo la inquieta aún más: ¿los que proponen la tarea sabrán enfrentaría?A continuaciónGabriela Mistral explica el procedimiento con soltura de experta en la materia, lo cual indica que, pese a su proclamado desinterés, está perfectamente enterada.Recommends that you are not small for naivety or ignorance.The Swedish Academy does not reward unknown authors, who are not translated into the language of Notbel or, at least, to commonly used languages in the cult of society, English or French.She knows the modus operandi so well that she even provides examples.Remember that when the Spanish writer Concha Espina wanted to achieve the prize commissioned translations of any of her works to Swedish.Gabriela is almost unpublished in other languages.One or another loose poem has been translated into magazines.(The flood of translations of his compatriot Neruda has not yet been downloaded).It is rare that foreign poets are edited.For now in France it only records the case of published books by Rabindranath Tagore and Rainer María Rilke.As for their poetry, four French translators have manifested interest, Mathilde Pomes, Francis Miomandre, Pillenient, Max Daircaux.At the moment in Paris, there is no published book.Will repeat that he will never do anything to promote.Como diciendo «esto no lo veo para mí», nombra a ti-es escritores latinoamericanos que, a su juicio, merecen el Premio: el venezolano RómuloGallegos; el mexicano Alfonso Reyes y el brasileño Casiano Ricardo.Skeptics is manifested regarding the success of management.He speaks without enthusiasm regarding three or four biographies written about her, in addition to a "pamphlet" - he adds - that a Chilean publisher published ... to the bad person named in Santiago Don Raúl Silva Castro and that he has distributed abroad in abroad in, a literary denigration company.Un plan de operacionesPese al examen de los reparos o enumeración de dificultades,Gabriela pasará a exponer, como un general en campaña, el plan de batalla.The second tactical movement accustomed to governments that embark on the adventure of the Notbel.Un escritor chileno que trabajaba entonces en la Legación en Francia, Salvador Reyes, se permite deslizar tímidamente aGabriela una insinuación: ojalá diga en su apoyo una palabra favorable el Instituto de Cooperación Intelectual de París.She clarifies emphatic that the institution knows inside - because she works on it - and commits not to make such a mistake.It is neutral territory and will take care not to recommend anyone.It would be preferable for the Chilean government to worry about any other acceptable writer.In his opinion there are no less than five or seven that deserve it.She herself has managed to publish a book of Chilean historians and another about native folklore.But the institutional principle is working with dead, omitting the living, why get into trouble or run the corruption albur that unleashes the smell of money.More influential, of course, will be the premium voices of literary authority that supfort the suggestion of their name.She didn't need to ask them to do it.Had the supfort of admiration as intense as spontaneous.Un puñado de entusiastas creía a pie juntillas queGabriela Mistral merecía este reconocimiento.They began to mobilize.Someone organized the movement from bambalins.Letters went and went.The campaign was launched.Duró años, tiempo suficiente para queGabriela sufriese, desesperase, olvidase, se preocupara de otras cosas, maldijera a su manera, agradeciese, rectificase, aprobara o desautorizara iniciativas que la sacaban de quicio.As of 1938, the movement entered its highest phase.It was about getting this distinction for the first time for a Latin American.The supfort of the Foreign Ministry is managed.Is not easy.17 countries competed.Latin America's supfort is unanimous, including Brazil.Repeat that to win the Notbel Prize is an indispensable requirement - the first tactical movement - to be translated into French, bridge language for a subsequent Swedish version.The French version takes care of Mathilde Pomes.She puts her end in June 1940, near Paris, under the bombings of Nazi aviation.Hours later the translator undertakes the exodus.They decided to request the Consecration Introduction to Paul Valéry.El autor de Cementerio marino dijo con toda franqueza, literalmente, que no conocía la literatura chilena ni la deGabriela Mistral.They left some translations to know who wrote.When he read them he made a second confession: that poetry was completely distant;Nott strange at your temperament.He represented order, also in the kingdom of literature.It was like those Chinese mandarins who drew their ideograms in a refined painting, with an artistic and neat calligraphy drawn to the brush, similar to those goldsmiths that skewered well -joined verses as if they were legitimate pearls, previously bitten and confirmed in its truth and thickness,slid in the branching thread of a millenary necklace.And now they asked for a prologue about a writer of the antipodes, native of a half -doing country, saturated with volcanoes, earthquakes, tsamot, floods, disorders not only of nature but also of civic and literary behavior.He belonged to a diametrically different spirit.Valéry was considered the head of the pure poetry.And now they came to request that he wrote a presentation that served as an opening before the Swedish academy from this Chilean writer who was exactly a reverse of everything he personified.However, he would deliver his preface within the agreed term.Exactly as his father's thought.And also true, even sincere.I would not say anything that its author did not feel.Dejaría estampado de entrada que la poesía deGabriela Mistral le resultaba tan remota como Los Andes, hecha con peñascos de montaña, Not es la mía.Maybe I don't understand it thoroughly because it is made up of abysses that I have never seen.However respects it.It intuits its intrinsic value as a representative of a continent that is on the second or third day of creation.Valery belongs to a mature civilization, centuries of Cartesian thought Avant Descartes, matured not only in the head but in the body, in the look, in customs, in the way of appreciating life and also of conceiving literature.European, son of the Old World, is a bit perplexed and baffled before so much primitive expression, in the face of coordinates that are governed by different psychological and mental laws.The French poet discovered in it - from the "poem of blood" - a "physiological mysticism in its purest form, exalting, in lyrical and realistic terms".It emphasizes that intimacy with matter is sensitive throughout his work.Esto es la purísima verdad, pero comoGabriela sabe que Paul Valéry es el pontífice de la poesía pura, desdeñoso de la materia, dicha certificación le sabe a injuria.Valery had fallen badly at the Intellectual Cooperation Institute, where they shared contiguous armchairs.Valéry was a lover of parody, he liked cartoons and joking.Laughing at some time to correct Unamuno's Castilian.Gabriela did not forgive her disrespect.Para Neruda, tan plebeyo comoGabriela, la materia era una esencia fundamental de la poesía.Both agree on the premise.He feels that both she and the residence author on Earth are the contracting of the pure poet, par excellence, Paul Valéry.This other Chilean Paul is proposed - as she - impure poetry, "surrounded and worn as the useful, impregnated with sweat, stained with food and shameful gestures, a poetry that does not exclude anything".What has to do with her the lady to the author of Monsieur Teste? The attitude of the Mistral with respect to Valéry is made of distance.The Chilean government has financed the translation of its poems into French.Valéry does not forget that he agreed to write the prologue requested and that he set his fees in fifty thousand francs, with an advance.He is an honest man.It will fulfill its commitment.Shortly after receiving the check, charged to the reserved funds of the legation, send the promised introduction.Text of noble invoice, does not omit, as is known, the confession of her radical differences with the writer, who presents cold consciousness.To highlight the relief of the differences, he speaks of how remote it is the sensitivity of the Chilean;But in a row she ratifies her duty to understand others.We also have the life of the others also.And if this is not possible, at least we make an effort to feel it and respect it.Not one, without a doubt, will seem less qualified than me to present to the reader a work as distant as this tastes, ideals and habits that are known to me in terms of poetry.What I have said and said about this issue, what I have been able to do, the conditions that I have believed my duty to impose, the essays that I have published, all of them fruits of, a spirit nourished by the oldest European literary tradition,They seem to designate me at least the world to appreciate essentially natural production, open beyond the ocean, by the sole call, shock or design of what is.But what would culture be worth it if I did not finally teach to return to itself and if, because of the generality of its ambitions, it made us lose the strength of considering it as a very particular case? I think a man could not live his life ifI was not able to also live an infinity of others, completely diverse, and I feel that some circumstances, completely external, would have led me to produce certainly very different works from those I have written.We would cruelly impoverish if we wanted to be ourselves to the point of being but ourselves.(191) The author and her prologuista know each other personally.As stated, they usually coincide in the meetings of the Institute for Intellectual Cooperation, a kind of Athenaeum, with certain resolutive faculties, prelude to what UNESCO would later be.Valéry will remember with courtesy his colleague of sessions.Madame Mistral represented her country with a grace and simplicity that surrounded her with the respect and sympathy of all who participated in our work.I realized that there was that alliance of attention and dream, external absences and immediate lights, which are characteristics of the nature of the poets, but I must confess that then I did not know anything about his work, and that I have hadWait until this translation to appreciate in it what can be seen from a poetry in its translation into a strange language.(192) The French poet points to the eternal drama of the implicit betrayal in poetic translations.They wrap many times "mortal".In prose the danger does not seem so serious, but it is rare, exceptional, the verse that survives the fire test by moving the wine of the vessel.What is the image that the prologuist traces of that woman who declares strange?Why is it so eccentric? It belongs, to begin, to a distant nation.Basque and also indigenous blood circulates by his father.This would explain that the initial sensation caused by the text is to discover a mysterious object, say an exotic subject, although real animated.It is not confused with a literary extravagance, in which certain poets specialize.Simply respond to a diverse nature.The amazement derives from a world and a very intense life, governed by unusual coordinates.Underline an essential characteristic feature: the strength of a sensitivity that can reach paroxysm, to extremes jealous, exclusive, wild.In it it is visible - until shocking - the rudeness towards man, who takes sweet when he returns to the child.Denotes something very neat and another world when talking about the forms of matter, of humanity.Has the gift to penetrate them.She establishes with her environment and the entrails of things a relationship of secret intimacy.Valéry can't and do not want to hide that a wall separates them.He warns that the construction material of this building at times enigmatic and motley owes very little to the European tradition, although it is written in an old language of the central continent.She handles that language as if it came from another matrix, or a primitive laboratory where the Latin American baroque and the crystallization of dreams in words is forged with natural virgin elements of an unpublished land.That is why the work that Valéry introduces before the French public causes him between glare and dread.Culminará su diálogo confesando miedo y atónita sorpresa:La poesía tierna y a veces feroz deGabriela Mistral, se me aparece, en el horizonte de Occidente, ataviada con sus singulares bellezas, pero, for otra parte, cargada con un sentido que le da o que le impone el estado crítico de las más nobles cosas del mundo.(193) The rebellious rebellion of the preface, we had to get the publication of the book by a weight editorial.So weight is stock that asks ten thousand francs advanced.In addition lets you spend time without launching work.Then he communicates that the price has risen in thirty thousand francs, apart from the obligation that the client bought the paper.Sudden stock takes a turn in 180 degrees: withdraws its conditions.Does not increase the price or demand the delivery of the paper.Why this turn?Because he has just read news in the newspapers that totally changes his market picture.Gabriela Mistral ha recibido el Premio Notbel de Literatura de 1945.The editor orders to finish the print and launch the work without delay.Pocos días antes,Gabriela viajó a París e inquirió for el libro aún en prensa.The information put it out of itself.Contrasting with the opinion of Valéry, which in her prologue praised the version of Mathilde Pomes, the author argued that the translator, apart from transgressing the meaning of the verses, introduced added added to the original.Irritadísima, he asked Oscar Schnake, recently appointed Minister of Chile, to prevent the publication of the book.En esta demanda intervino también el escritorGeorges Duhamel.The editor did not listen to them.The work appeared calling attention to the merit of fresh merchandise: it was the newly announced Notbel Prize.Gabriela knew of bad temper;When she burst could be aggressive.The reason for the new anger? Valéry's prologue.It triggers his discomfort in an indignant letter that writes precisely to his previous assaulted, Mathilde Pomes.Vale for a literary interpretation text in the light of anthropology.You know my character: I have no vicious courtesy and I say my thought with a slightly brutal right.I do not understand that that prologue has been asked for Paul Valéry.He doesn't know Spanish.It is the most serious thing on the matter;He must read it a bit, as I read English, without understanding the idioms.(194) She has read Dostoevski.Each man is surface and underground world.He also is aware of being a foreign, land and blood.Therefore, of a personality dominated by impulses that may seem strange.It is difficult for you.Forgive the daring of this statement […].Races exist and besides that, there are opposite temperaments.(195) All this diversity translates into another eye to look, feel and count the world can give a sense of the most diverse poetry of mine than that of that man.I have the most full and up admiration, in terms of intellectual capacity and a fineness so extreme that nobody possesses in Europe, that is, in the world.That has nothing to do with their ability to prologue to South Americans and, especially, one of mine;I am a primitive, a daughter of yesterday, a mestizo and one hundred more things that are outside Paul Valéry.(196) La Campesina, La Mestiza, with her one hundred other things, does not want to be that is not, also for a pride of dignity.Not le gustan los pedigüeños de elogios ni los traficantes de reputación internacional en el mercado parisiensePero eso no es todo: en cuatro ocasiones,two recientes, me he burlado en artículos de Prensa de la gente nuestra que se hace dar prólogos o críticas en Europa, a base de paga y for gente que ignora sus libros y no sabe pizca de esta América.(197) She doesn't want.«A prologue from Valéry would leave me in a ridiculous sovereign.Not one can know that I have not asked for it, that I have not looked for it ».Prefers anonymity or death before the commitment to those grotesque needs.That the French virgil stays with his money, but that that introduction is not published.Por todo lo cual, cara Mathilde, le pido, le ruego, le suplico, que usted, haciendo pagara Valéry su prólogo, pues se trata de un trabajo ya hecho Y el Pago es legítimo como el que más, no incluya el prólogo y le explique al ministroGonzález lo ocurrido.But I would, you would force me to something very ugly: to cut the prologue of the books one by one.(198) It is already seen with scissors in the unlikely sprinkle that this start of anger is produced by an unknown prologue.It emphasizes with net stroke the recovery of its character the fact that rejects it by principle and not for convenience.Issues an anticipated judgment by discarding it because it considers the man who analyzes a stranger who could not understand.You already know that I have not read the text;It is not about waiting for my praises and that it is disappointed;It is about honest peasant and old woman;I can't accept it.(199) Understand that all prologues is not repudiating.But if anyone is published that it is written by someone more neighboring the language she speaks, who knows her a little, that has felt more attracted by the magnet of Latin America and supforts a concept of poetry that is not exactly the oppositeTo yours.It has a replacement name in mind: it suggests Francis de Miomandre.Based its proposition: it knows something from South America and knows quite the Spanish.He is not a Pope of pure poetry like Valéry, with respect to which she encourages intuitive distrust, especially when she is dedicated to prologue.In a letter to the Argentine writer Victoria Ocampo, published in the southern magazine of Buenos Aires, in October 1945 (the communication is dated May 16, 1943), the author of the young grim confidence that he distracts him from literary work(Fausto's personal interpretation is engaged in a personal interpretation) the fact that he lives «devoured by work without grace and worthless.I dictate my course at the College of France.I make prefaces! Not one in the world has done as many things as me ».Conste que esta declaración está escrita en una Francia ocupada, cuando la SegundaGuerra Mundial tiene atenazada a Europa.Valéry is not the most indicated to drive from the hand by the circles then Dantesques of Europe and lead to the "neutral paradise" of Stockholm to this pure storm woman.She prefers the informative introduction, without much flight, of Miomandre.He affirms that the great unknown in France, in Europe, instead all Latin America knows her.Write down psychological data.Reserved, modest, does not try to impose itself or like to talk about itself.The latter will end up with inventory benefit.Because the woman is locuaz and often uses the unstoppable first person, not to say lindura.The prologuist highlights the strength of his inner life.Perceives its mystical temperament, receptacle of suffering humanity.His poetry seems to him a message that America sends in a bottle thrown into the sea of the spirit towards the coasts of France, of the so -called Old World in a word.Laconically, the introducer will have to rehearse a very someric biographical profile.Se trata de una chilena montañesa, condicionada fortwo sangres.Embodies a new world manifestation.He thinks his poetry omen of a sui generis humanism in direct communion with nature.He preferred this well -intentioned prologue, almost inconsequential, harmless.The rejected text reached a much greater depth.It is explainable.El nuevo no significaba un choque entretwo personas; el otro era un conflicto de civilizaciones.That's why she rode in a sacred anger.He had his reasons, but Valéry was not guilty.Simplemente fue la colisión detwo mundos.Valéry represents a European intellectual quintessence, whose poetic philosophy loves the abstractions of great ideas.Charmes contains his Cimitière Marin, Bergsonian meditation on time. El rostro de su obra aGabriela le parece impasible, con una pupila de iris congelado.However, in the crisis of the spirit as in her eyes on today's world, Paul Valéry, who judges a marble poet, "heartless", yields to the unjacied essayist in front of the course of that river too murky and scrambled that isThe contemforary era.Pero ella no olvida que al verlo for primera vez supo de inmediato que pertenecían atwo hemisferios diferentes, lo sólo terrestres sino también cerebrales.Valery wanted to stop the time, but he could not culminate my Faust, a work in which I longed to express his dream of perennity.Only for months he did not know the news that this peasant, a little disastrous in dress, gigantone half, coming from a country of volcanoes and mountains, for which he was hired a prologue that threw it into European knowledge, had won the Notbel, that prize that he ambitioned and believed deserves more than anyone and never received, an understandable made in times of war and barbarism.Paul Valéry died on July 20, 1945, at seventy years old.He was buried, according to the title of his poem, in the Marine Cemetery of Cette, where the pigeons cross.Tranqila, mirando un niñoEstá sumergida en el dolor for Yin-Yin cuando llegan al consulado de Chile en Petrópolistwo periodistas.Acaban de recibir un Cable acogiendo el rumor que el nombre de una ex maestra de una escuela rural de Chile, señorita LucilaGodoy Alcayaga, que usa el seudónimo deGabriela Mistral, se baraja como probable Premio Notbel de Literatura.She answers that she doesn't know, she doesn't believe anything that is said.In 1944 the same thing was said [...] in truth some American countries presented my candidacy.That's all.I don't think they succeed.For my part I have not had the slightest participation of that idea.(200) judged foolish the eagerness of some friends to sow statues with crazy generosity, right and left.Matilde Ladrón deGuevara le pregunta dónde estaba y qué hacía cuando supo la noticia del Premio Notbel:Estaba sola en Petrópolis en mi cuarto de hotel, escuchando en la radio las noticias de Palestina.After a brief pause in the station, the announcement that stunned me was made and that I did not expect.I fell on your knees in front of my mother's crucifix, who always accompanies me, and bathed in tears I pray: "Jesus Christ, make this high lauro to this humble daughter!"But at that time lived the frightening tragedy of my yin and was outside of life.Everything was indifferent to me.Even this ... (201) On Notvemberfifteen, 1945, the house is populated with reforters and collapses of telegrams.You have to pick up the phone. «Felicitaciones,Gabriela Mistral».It is the first time that someone from Mexico to the South receives the award.How not! It is the triumph of India America.That morning, in many schools on the continent their rounds are sung.People around them expect the bustle to contribute to mitigate their anguish by Yin-Yin.In Stockholm the Dagens Nyheter calls it "maternal symbol of the cultural ambitions of the American continent".A week later his gratitude telegram was received in Sweden.Luego avisó que arribaría en barco aGotemburgo.I asked to wait for her and reserve a room at a hotel.Announced that he would travel with his secretary.Pandemonium in Petropolis was the perfect image of chaos.You stop on the one hand and uncontrollable nervousness due to the preparations for the trip, on the other.Setbacks, amnesias, suspensions, arrears.When they arrive at the fort the ship had already sailed.The transatlantic returns to the bay of Rioof janeiro to embark on the lady who was late.EnGotemburgo la aguarda una secretara de la Embajada.At the Stockholm Railway Station, it is received by Swedish Academy and Chilean officials.He says in confidence that the elegant coat that the France ambassador in Rioof janeiro lent him.Se aloja en un departamento delGran Hotel, desde cuya ventana puede mirar los barcos.Those who surround it warn at first sight that you saw with visible mischief.El embajadorGajardo se arma de coraje y se atreve a hacerlo una pregunta escabrosa:-¿Ha traído traje especial para la ceremonia de la entrega del Premio?-Not.The usual clothes-but are going to be the king, the heir prince, the members of the royal family and the court, the cream of the State, the academics, the flower and cream of the writers and scientists.You have to wear a long, black suit, hopefully third -party, the most famous store - now it would be a fashion boutique - made a black velvet dress.Announced that he charged anything.He scored it in the item of his representation expenses, theJensen jewelry did not want to be left behind and delivered a silver pierce, carved by an goldsmith.Thus our heroine was presentable to the great society of the Swedish nobility and intellectuality.Cada vez que en Estocolmo cruzo frente, al Concert Husset,, nuestro acompañante chileno o sueco, casi siempre diferente, nos dice lo mismo: «Aquí recibió el Premio NotbelGabriela Mistral «El vasto edificio con paredes en tono rosa está emplazado en el corazón de la ciudad, frente a la plaza con las esculturas de Carlos Milles.En aquel 10 de diciembre de 1945 (la SegundaGuerra Mundial había terminado hacía pocos meses), esa sala de conciertos, inaugurada recientemente, resplandece con todas sus lámparas iluminando la granada concurrencia.It's five in the afternoon.En el centro del escenario haytwo marineros con sendos clarines de plata.On a green curtain, a couple of Swedish flags surrounded by those of the countries of the different graduates.Three rows of men dressed in elegance and one woman, corpulent, with greenish eyes, in velvet suit.They are the members of the Academy of Letters and the laureates with the Notbel.In a corner the speaker's gallery.Vibrant notes resonate each time the name of the award -winning is voiced;descends act then to the stalls to strengthen the hand of the old king and receive the prize.Gabriela Mistral is the third to be named.Quien traza su semblanza es el poeta sueco HjalmarGulberg.Nott only is he secretary of the Academy but a Swedish translator of many of his poems."I presented," he said, "an anthology directly in Swedish, Dikter (poetry)".The fact made unnecessary cross the bridge of the French version.Knows her more than others.His speech has some informal;He pronounces it in Swedish, part in Spanish.Again they are acute of the clarines.Gabriela with a moroso tranco, clear forehead, throws her head back, which highlights her stature in a country of high women;She takes a few steps on the podie.El monarcaGustavo V es más viejo que su interlocutora.He leans friendly and mutters some phrases in English;Then she gives the diploma, a solid gold medal and a check for eight thousand pounds sterling.She thanks a smile and returns to her seat before a theater that cheers her, especially the Swedes who somehow see in her a sister or a South American cousin of her Selma Lagerlöff, who died five years before.Back to the Chilean embassy, they asked if he felt nervous during the delivery act.Not.I was calm looking at a child who was in a balcony seat and that looked a lot like my nephew.(202) Apparently, the ghost of the dead young man was also present in the midst of the radiant ceremony, occasion that anyone would think that for her it would be a moment of bliss;She had simply controlled her nerves.But when I returned to my seat, after receiving the prize from the King, when the stairs of the proscenium uploaded, I felt that my knees melted.(203) As is known, it was the first time that a Latin American was granted.If someone congratulated her, she tried to reduce her merit saying she had won by transaction.El premio se disputaba entretwo grandes países ytwo grandes escritores de nuestro continente, el mexicano Alfonso Reyes y el argentino Jorge Luis Borges, que murieron sin conseguirlo.To avoid the shock of the powerful - he explained - they chose a poet born in a small country.La SegundaGuerra Mundial no era el clima más propicio para otorgar el Premio Notbel de la Paz.Nor that of literature.Neither.They were suspended. ¿Iba a concederse el de la Paz en una Notruega ocupada for los nazis en los años 40 ó 43?Tampoco el 44, forque el conflicto proseguía.Pero el 45, cuando Hitler, igual que su «milenario» Tercer Reich ya se habían vuelto cenizas, se entregarontwo Premios Notbel de Literatura.One, with retroactive effect, that of 1944, granted to the Danish writer Johannes V.Jensen.El de 1945 fue para una chilena poco conocida,Gabriela Mistral.The academy verdict spoke of his "lirism inspired by a vigorous feeling [...], which has made the name of the poet a symbol of the idealism of the Latin American world".In thanks speech, she developed that thought."Today Sweden turns to the distant America to honor her in one of the many workers of her culture ..." he underlined his belonging to a non -dictatorial Chile."Daughter of Chilean democracy," he said on that occasion, "she moves me in front of one of the representatives of the democratic tradition of Sweden ..." Something else.It was also personification of a mixed lineage and expression of his speech and poetry.For an adventure that surpasses me, I am at this time the direct voice of the poets of my race and the indirect of the very noble Spanish and Portuguese languages ... (204) Then you have to accept night celebrations.The students of the University of Upsala welcomed her with respectful solemnity and the academics took out their togas from the closets.But later the meeting lost the stretched air.Esa noche de invierno boreal,Gabriela -como de costumbre- se dejó arrastrar for la corriente de la conversación.He spent a month in Sweden.I had to return to Petropolis.But in those days, on those nights- which for another in their place would have been of round happiness- they visit her ghosts.He is reinforced by the conviction that Yin-Yin fell murdered.For her is the death of a son, the only one in her blood, who was her, and that she wanted the absolute mother. ¿Del duelo vino a sacarla la noticia del Premio Notbel?Ningún premio la cambiará for dentro ni cerrará su herida.Gratitude for those who granted it, but nothing in the world will erase from their conscience the fault of those who killed Yin-Yin.Those days have not returned his calm.The people who accompany her the aggressive note.On a return trip he arrives in Paris without Visa.It has difficulties with immigration officials at Le Bourget airfort.Not vacila en sostener que las autoridades francesas le tienen mala voluntad.Not lack quien, tomando en cuenta su apoyo a la República durante laGuerra Civil de España, la llamó «simpatizante roja».Después que recibe el Premio Notbel sucede lo inevitable: los periodistas la bombardean con cañonazos de preguntas.Who are you? Reply: I am a kind of traditional leftist [...] I am a socialist.A very particular socialism, it is true, that consists exclusively of winning what is eaten and feeling neighbor of the exploited.X Nobel and Antinobelescon the Nobel remembered her in Chile.They rushed to invite her.Not quería ir.El Presidente, su tocayo y coterráneoGonzález Videla, no le era grato.Not fue él, sino el ministro de Educación de entonces, Bernardo Leighton, quien le extendió el convite.He replied by declining it through his compadre Tomic: this letter is for Minister Leighton, but you go to you with the request to read it: my letter is bad and I use the pencil for the view that is irritated a bit.In addition, Doris is not to copy it by machine and the Italian secretary does not understand Spanish ... there are three calamities.I am very estimated by the Ministry's convait for the value of whoever invites and for the fineness that is the memory of the absent.Compadre, I live with a kind of "glass heart".In climbing the heat around noon I take a cloth to the heart that enters taquicardia.This is why I have only lowered Naples in a month.I have the office down and the employee calls me when there is an official matter.In winter, Amaina tachycardia, but the simple march on foot, although a bit fast, puts my pulses on the flight.A person so withdrawal does not work, to travel a month.You also know that my greatest interest in going to Chile, after seeing the few who are mine in border inside and talking with them a few weeks, is the need to end that very long "descriptive message about Chile".I know they won't let me see it;I know I have to give my people for not hurting them;I know I will only see hotels and ladies houses.Not el paisaje, no los pastos cuyos nombres me faltan, no las cosechas, no la cordillera a la cual no puedo subir, no a los indios, no mi Patagonia querida, no las minas del carbón, no el desierto de sal.The Chilean always sees in the refusal an excuse or hostility, and I have too many beings that hate me, a true richness of antipathies without cause.(205) will walk on many sides, but Chile is not going, although almost the whole country wants to celebrate it.It returns only in 1954, when they give him, with silly delay, the National Literature Award.At the beginning of 1960 we find the Mexican presidencies at the night train, on a trip from Santiago to Concepción, where a meeting of writers should be held.Nots explicó su plan de guerra contra la Academia Sueca.The fruits of the American land are not liked in Europe, except if they are bananas, pineapples, if they have the sweetness of the tropics or the fineness of the temperate zone.The first Latin American nature can be devoured with fruition, even with gluttony.But the fruits of the second nature - or the ideas of men, the children of the spirit, the books, the works of art - seem products from another planet, suitable for breaths that are not those of his chest.Hence the disdain, hence the encyclopedic ignorance of the continent that knows everything and what he does not know is imfortant.Que los chilenos no se dejen engañar for el merecido Premio Notbel aGabriela Mistral.Not podían hacer menos, pero es la excepción que confirma la regla.How are they going to understand then those limpid books of the teacher, that chair that does not understand Europe? It is a creature of American life.In the old world it will always be a foreigner.He believes that America has a message to give humanity and Mexico in particular.How will a man who trust the value of the Mayan pyramids and aboriginal civilizations, which even proposes its own doctrine for the new Latin American literature, which, in his opinion, should in his opinion in Europe, which, in his opinion, should.... look for the pulse of the country at all times and in all men in which it seems to have intensified;Ask the brutality of the breasts a spiritual sense;Discover the mission of Mexican man on earth, questioning all the ghosts and stones of our graves and our monuments..A town is saved when you manage to glimpse the message it has brought to the world.(206) Incompatibility is total.We must resume - the passionate emissary of the Mexican president said - the declaration of intellectual independence of Latin America, already formulated in some way, from Europe, in 1823, by Andrés Bello.You have to stop being cultural vassal.The time of freedom had sounded.He would play his trumpet at the Concepción meeting.We must add to political emancipation, did not say economic emancipation, but cultural independence.Pero se declaró autorizado para ir más allá del rechazo y la negación del Notbel y de la arrogante superioridad del Occidente europeo y anunciar una respuesta de tono afirmativo.México crearía un Premio que no sería el Notbel americano sino el laurel máximo con que estas tierras coronarían la excelencia de un escritor.This award would be called Alfonso Reyes.He proposed it, voiced it in the assembly, sounding all the timbales.And then the matter was nothing.Por ironía irreverente y positiva de la historia, esta mujer que gozó haciendo el ditirambo de Alfonso Reyes -a quien el jurado ignoró desde su Monte Olimpo en Estocolmo- fue el primer latinoamericano que recibió el Premio Notbel de Literatura.Alfonso Reyes still lived.Surely he did not feel bitterness, but rather melancholic joy because he estimated it fair, because he did not seem a man to sink into tiny needy or wandering through the passage.Gabriela remembers him by making his farewell speech to José Vasconcelos.Es casi un diálogo entre lostwo mexicanos que estima más admirables.As we have seen, Vasconcelos, the man who brought her to Mexico and in some sense changed her life, had had the great fall, slipped through the floor of the policy of the war lords or the traffickers of the revolution and owedleave to exile that he had imposed himself.In that sadness, to tell him the cordiality that this man inspires him, but also to draw his hidden physiognomy, his psychological silhouette and the definition of the dynamic male for which, however, his kingdom is not this world: in leisureWe are all the same.You, an active man par excellence, have had to accentuate your profiles, which cause enthusiasm and dislikes.You have given everything to your work - we have mystical after - surely possessed of that theological sense that San Agustín defines by explaining that God is a pure act.You have unfolded in a privileged environment in a way, but in another dire and very dangerous: deeply removed the entrails of the nation, it seems that all our blood refluxes the flower of the skin, that all the forces are mobilized, that everything can be doneGood and all evil.But when all evil can be done, it is no longer possible -despite the pressing temptation -, it is no longer possible to do all the good.That is the pain of the country and those have also been your own stumbling blocks.» - There are writers who are not prophets in their land and less outside of it.Alfonso Reyes will never know even the shadow of those neon reflector lights that project the works of the boom on marquisine.Not es que pertenezca a la línea de los autores herméticos.Its discovery will be slow, it will begin with America and when it reaches its maximum extension it will always be that of a generous and reserved country that will never enter the list of the best sellers of the week.En este ordenGabriela es un poco su hermana.Con Premio Notbel y toda la algarabía que el hecho supone, también ella pertenece a la categoría de los latinoamericanos esenciales que viven ocultos como una mina (así la llamó Neruda).Its precious metals shine more in the dark and in the enclosure of discrete and collected spirits than in a tumultuous street of contemforary marketing they would be corresponded.Alfonso Reyes, hombre de honda mesura, escribe en prosa un «Himno aGabriela»:Gabriela es un índice sumo del pensamiento y del sentimiento americanos.It gives prophetic anger against errors piled up by history;There is faith, hope and charity;the promise of a better land for the achievement of the human race;The hand traces in the air the magical passes, whose prestige flash and the vision of a fairer world [...].What suffering, what joy they never found indifferent?What beat of our America has not gone through her heart?His immense poetry is woven with all the stamens that spin the work and virtue of men.Thus believed the ancients that Heracles had built the Ara of Dídima, with the blood, the bones, the very substance of the victims offered.I do not usually talk with so much outburst.I reserve my enthusiasm for those who think they deserve it. (208)Consejos para nobelizablesLa experiencia del Notbel la dejó convertida en una experta en el ramo.To Zenobia Camprubí, Juan Ramón Jiménez's wife, gave him a quick course on how to get it: so dear z.of j.R.:Yo soy animal de rumia y a ustedestwo los rumio con frecuencia.I write little, or do not write, when I know in such a place and without big problems or boys […]. Mi carta es para saber de ustedes, pero también para decirles esto: el próximo Premio Notbel español que venga debe ser para Juan Ramón.We all know that.The candidacy must present someone who is very high in Europe and Juan Ramón is known as imfortant European people.Escogida esa persona for ustedes, tenemos derecho a apoyar la candidatura los otros Premios Notbel.Only last year we were officially declared by the Swedish Academy.Not hay franquistas en ella y los miembros que he tratado repudian a Franco.Hablé aquí hace días con una señora sueca que es jefe de la editorial primera de su país; le habléof juan Ramón.He has read it-Spanish-and admires it a lot.She can also help us with the atmosphere "with the old people".Talk, dear, with Margot about this.I should present it to the head of the Spanish Department of Columbia and add to that the other Spanish departments of the American universities.Needless of ours.Lo deGallegos falló tal vez for torpezas.They walked the candidacy some crazy young men.Parece queGallegos no se presenta de nuevo.Alfonso's thing failed at the root: they don't reward the essay.Solamente lo dieron a Bergson y después advirtieron que «se habían salido de lo dispuesto for Notbel»; que se premie la creación pura y no el ensayo.I let Alfonso know firmly, and he had a hard and incredulous response, which felt like it, because I have always treated him with a brother confidence.They adhered all the academies and almost all the universities of Spanish America.But the Swedish Academy […] cares about academies […] (the Chilean did not adhere to mine but […] after time and with a shameful demand of my government, which did everything and not certainly desire itself) certainly).Tell me four letters on this matter.If we do it must be with a view to 52 or 53.Have me as a good maid: send me with all confidence, in confidence.Gabriela.(209) Translationship returns to Brazil feels the house transit by Yin-Yin's ubiquitous presence.As its temperament is something excessive, it will not only change residence;It will change country.Will put water, mountains, schedules in between.Write to the Ministry asking for transfer.I always prefer, ”he says - benign climates.Wants to go to California.Requests that the consul name in San Francisco.Accompany medical certificates about their bad health: diabetes, heart disease.En California se hace amiga de Thomas Mann, personificación del intelectual europeo, pero, a diferencia de Paul Valery, tiene algo que ver con Brasil, lo cual agrega a su carácter unatwois mesurada de locura y fantasía.She does not perceive a great salary and claims for the high cost of living.Not tarda en pensar que sería mejor volver a México, un país de su lengua y de sus afectos.Again I ask for the Ministry of Relations.Parece que la Premio Notbel es una chilena errante, andariega perdida, no se arraiga en ninguna parte -mumuran-.If she wants to give it to him.Receive Consul's appointment in Santa María de la Veracruz.The fort is wet and hot.AlGolfo de México lo cruzan turbulencias; pero ella contempla el rostro de la gente en la calle y se siente entre sus indios.Desde Veracruz escribe al embajadorGajardo:Me han contado esta cosa cómica: el señor Latcham habría dicho en una conferencia de prensa que yo «me he inventado la sangre india».The silly Chilean travels these Indian or mestizo countries declaring their blanquismo.I know something, I hope, of myself.Por ejemplo, que mi padre mestizo tenía en su cuerpo la mancha mongólica, cosa que me contó mi madre; segundo, que mi abueloGodoy era indio puro.It is freshness to correct the flat to the owners of themselves.(210) Soon the demon of restlessness possesses it again.Noise mischief and suffocating heat is a torment.Find a fifth near Veracruz, located in a hill that is a viewpoint to the sea.Shortly after he feels that moving not calmly calmly.Again the eternal vagabundo changes domicile.It is installed in Jalipa, at an intermediate distance between Mexico City and Veracruz.The height, of course, is less than that of the capital and this will refort less work for your worn heart.A rich Mexican literature fan gives him a house from his hacienda.She has the full feeling of living in every countryside in that typical rural abode, of long and peaceful corridors.Nearby there is a chapel with holy dressed in setback, completely outside the biblical era.Gabriela had her rooms on the second floor, they were huge, with large and disheveled Bronze Catres and clear curtains to avoid the entrance of the mosquitoes.That hacienda had recently been revolutionary scenes theater.General Obregón, president of Mexico, spent at least once in those spacious rooms with beds full of ghostly stories and mahogany furniture, baroque or rococó alhajamiento from other centuries, next to the stamped seal of indigenous crafts, where the wicker isIt turned a chair and table and the smell of orange blossoms woke up early morning.AllíGabriela recibía visitas de amigos, sobre todo de escritores.He welcomed a man who wanted, for whom he felt maternal affection, whom he estimated more than his unchanging goodness and decency, Luis Enrique Délano.Llegó acompañado for el maestro, antiguo fogoso parlamentario, CésarGodoy Urrutia.Both came to request their supfort for a Congress for Peace that would be held soon in Mexico City.She gave the yes with a pronouncement that became famous and very controversial, "the damn word".Un día fue RómuloGallegos el que se sentó junto a ella en un sillón de mimbre instalado en el corredor que daba a un patio de limoneros, mangos y naranjos.Le preguntó cuál era el procedimiento que seguía la Academia Sueca para discernir el Premio Notbel.XI the fear of publishing books on one occasion this woman with a movement of movedizos - like a disarrayed and money without money - refused (strange thing) the temptation of a new move.For another it would have been an irresistible offer.El Presidente Miguel Alemán dictó un decreto donando aGabriela Mistral cuarenta hectáreas de tierras fiscales en el estado de Veracruz, en el lugar que ella deseara, posiblemente cerca de Hermosilla.Rejected the gift politely.The reasons for his refusal confirm entrenched fears of his spirit, the fear of envy and his hatred of cursing.A Mexican writer had never received a similar present.In addition she imagined the fur in the Santiago corrillos.On the other hand, who would not be missing, if he accepted the exceptional gift, he thought that she had said in word or in writing her love for Mexico so many times for vulgar interest and not for a feeling that was not quoted in land or money.Possibly in the decline of the donation will tertiary another reason.The wrong impenitent felt the itching of the transfer by raising her knees, anthilling her restlessness and turning her eyes towards a fine, mad and beloved country.Confía a su amigo, el embajador EnriqueGajardo:… me llamó la Loba y allá voy.Of my fourteen years in Europe is to Italy and only to her whom I take in my heart.And my evil continues, they have given me some surprises;The feet swell enough.I want to live on the sea, he always relieved my heart.(211)Decía a su corresponsalGastón von dem Busche que bastaba con escribir en la vida tres libros que fueran verdaderos.She authorized only four: desolation, tenderness, tala, lagar.After his death new works have proliferated.Above all, they are collections of articles and their letters of his.It happened at the age of Christ died.Or was it descending? He distrusted herself after that volume, that she had to spend a couple of years before the stamp, tenderness, poetry for children, appeared in Madrid, appeared in Madrid.This time it was not due to lack of editors.After desolation they could until there was plenty, although it never rained.What inhibited it then?A paralyzing self -examination?Or perhaps it contained the bitter conviction that a superior work could not write? This happens with some authors who have touched the flute divinely with a book and distrust their ability to reissue the feat making the miracle again, a different miracle, fromThen, because you never second parts were good.Not son pocos los que predijeron queGarcía Márquez nunca podría repetir la proeza de Cien años de soledad.But the Colombian writer did not amilan, even if he knew that all the works that he would procreated later would be different from the first, Caribbean version of the Bible, endowed with a sinful and disturbing diabolical-aura-corestial aura.Neruda was told in his time that he could never write such a beautiful book, a manual of lovers so good to blatantly copy sentimental statements as twenty love poems and a desperate song.The poet felt.His next work was scandalous rupture.Attempt at the infinite man pointed out an absolute public and sales failure.Almost no one applauded her.He wanted to write an iconoclast book, to recall the house of the muses and the earthquake inside.Not sólo se dio el gusto de arrasar con los puntos y las comas, sino de incendiar su propio templo en Efeso, pues su divisa de autor y su norma de vida fue quemar con cada nuevo libro su poesía anterior, forque, a su juicio, repetirse es morir.Gabriela Mistral publishes in 1938 Tala.As it happened with desolation, rather they publish it.If with the initial book the godfather who was in charge of everything was Federico de Onís, in the aforementioned case he assumed that mission Victoria Ocampo, director of the south magazine, in whom the Mistral perceives a "idiomatic tragedy", the "ambidextrism"of speaking in Spanish and writing in French."In which area of the 1st and soul do she suffer from her linguistic bigamy?" He asks in February 1942.Tala also did not appear in Santiago but in Buenos Aires.El producto de su venta lo entregó a entidades catalanas, especialmente a la Residencia Pedralbes, refugio de niños vascos víctimas de laGuerra Civil Española.Tala also baffled. ¿Y ésta esGabriela? ¿Dónde están las nieves de antaño? ¿Dónde quedó Desolación, esa poesía clara y fuerte como un torrente, iluminadora como un incendio, salvaje, filuda como un cuchillo que pega puñaladas al alma, violenta como una guerra, desesperada como la mujer vuelta loca de amor? ¿Dónde está?Alguien hubo que gritó: «Perdimos aGabriela»Not. EraGabriela.Not unaGabriela perdida sino unaGabriela distinta. O la mismaGabriela en otra etapa de su vida.Had he changed in "pathos", in fury of feeling, in the cry of cornered animal? They had changed the shape, tone, the amazing sharpness.Now he abandoned the asceticism of the precise word.He penetrated the Baroque kingdom of Mistralism, to a poetry where ghosts walk, where the image is sublimated, charging distance from the object, often wrapped in the primers of archaism and in the mist of a dawn that does not end up admitting the crystalline clarity clarity in the morning.Finally in Santiago de Chile! There appeared first the last work he published in life first.The editor gave himself a small sadistic or modest pleasure: it was published by amputated.Winery.He liked that word.Like the word tala.Both have a shear, terminal, mortuary sense, in one of their meanings.He chose it perhaps because in his native valley he saw the lagar as a place of essences, where people dance on the sweet grape of the area to squeeze with bare feet the juice that will sublim will sublim in a vertigo pisco.Maybe it was the lugar image that could best represent its luck.She felt a stomped grapes by the kicks of life and macerated by death.Mortified.Beef.In its pages someone dies, murdered or suicidal.And that someone stepped on in the lagar of life and death, returned primary wine of memory, drunk with pain, was one of her family, that nephew or only child, in which she had concentrated the entire tenderness of a mother orof aunt.Yin-and's death went crazy a lot.With him he had received his maternal kingdom.And Lucila, who spoke to Rio, Montaña and Cañaveral, in the moons of the Real Encouraged Kingdom. (212)Winery era para ella una metáfora personal, donde sus deudos queridos entregaban su sangre. Not olvidaba tampoco a su sobrinaGraciela: «Y las pobres muchachas muertas, escamoteadas en abril … »Piensa que la evocación de su infancia le viene forque se siente vieja.Incurred in the coquetry of the afflicted: the age is doubled.One hundred twenty years is, one hundred and twenty, and is more wrinkled than the earth..He forgot unforgettable death, such as a landscape, a trade, a language.(213) When desolation was published -orgullous of her apparent humility and pessimistic about the judgment of others-, he wrote to Eduardo Barrios: "All the bad thing they can say about my book I have told me before".In the previous letter he had told him that he kept standing "the poem of the son".Abomine of their verses that walk for too many mouths.Quote among the convicted "the plea", "the sonnets of death".They are cheesis, sweets -exclama-.Dulzones "the sonnets of death"? Personal opinion, strange.Because she was a strange woman, whose reactions sometimes responded to a very particular logic or illogical.Una poesía que cambia y permaneceEn su obra posterior a Desolación,Gabriela Mistral trata de cumplir con el voto que formula al final del libro.Will strive to replace pain by hope.To do this, children in tenderness.(The Aguilar edition makes a different reorganization, theme of its poems).It comprises "cradle songs", "rounds", "the ravenier", "playwers", "world's account", "almost school", "stories".There he asks: give me your hand and we will dance, give me your hand and you will love me a single flower we will be, like a flower and nothing more ... (214) in its "land of Chile", make Radomiro Tomic the offering of his "Salto del Laja»:« Old tumult, boiling of the Indian arrows… ». A su tocayoGabriel Tomic le entrega en la mano una fucsia convertida en «Ronda de fuego»:Esta roja flor la danen la noche de San Juan..Flor que mata a los fantasmas;¡Voladora flor de fuego! (215)Not están mal escogidas estas dedicatorias premonitorias para la estirpe de un hombre que en años de dictadura luchó con denuedo «contra bestia y miedo».Try to get that flower and tighten that hand.He needs it.«La desvariadora», la que dice cosas febriles y hace conjuros para que Yin-Yin no se le aleje, es naturalmente unaGabriela trastornada.That the child does not grow.My God, take advantage of it! Do not grow up! Name and save it: my son does not die!(216) The account-world tells him, transfers and communicates to the son a universe of his, of magic.Tala encloses a return to duel.It opens with the "death of my mother".Becomes perjura.It will cost you a lot.He writes a revealing note: She became a long and dark inn: I made a country in which I lived five or seven years, a loved country because of the dead, hateful because of the turner of my soul in a long religious crisis.Not son ni buenos ni bellos los llamados «frutos del dolor», y a nadie se los deseo.Back from this life in the most prieta tiniebla, I say again, as at the end of desolation, the praise of joy.The tremendous trip ends in the hope of the crazy litanies and tells his auction to those who take care of my soul and little know about me since I live wandering.(217)En «Notcturno de la consumación», dedicado a Waldo Frank, confiesa: hace «tantos años que muerdo el desierto/ que mi patria se llama la sed».Tala is like a sister of desolation.But the form has been modified. En otra advertencia sobre «Notcturno de la consumación», explica un aspecto de esta mudanza.How many work with the rhymed expression, know that the rhyme, which is scarce at the beginning, little by a walk comes over us in a closed rain, intermingling into the verse itself, so that, in the long poems, she becomes naturalAnd not the persecuted ... At this time, rejecting an internal rhyme becomes artificial rebellion there I have left several of those internal and spontaneous rhymes.Rabie with them the rhetorical ear, that the child or Juan people, poetic creatures, with pleasure the infraction.(218)En la nota al «Notcturno de la derrota» toca un problema arduamente debatido a propósito de la poesía y la prosa mistralianas: su mentado «arcaísmo».Not sólo en la escritura, sino también en mi habla, dejo for complacencia mucha expresión arcaica, sin poner más condición al arcaísmo que la de que esté vivo y sea llano.Many, I say, and not all the archaisms that come to me and that I sacrifice in gift of the antiarcaic person who is going to read me.In America this person always turns out to be a capital.The American field - and in the field I grew up - keep speaking their new tongue veined of them.The city, reader of learned books, believes that a such repertoire starts from the old classics, and the very urban is wrong.(219) At times the language of their errands exhales an old flavor aroma.It suggests a mysterious continuity of the classic texts, passed through the sieve of folklore but also by the filter of a personality as rooted to Earth as a tree of the transverse valleys.En su seguidilla de Notcturnos se vuelve a la figura incoercibleof josé Asunción Silva, poeta suicida, como la atrajo otro del mismo fin, Anthero de Quental.The guild of those who killed a disturbing spell on it.Lonely death or death is obsessed.Hace expresa mención que en «Año de laGuerra Española» escribe el «Notcturno del descendimiento» con ruego al «Cristo del calvario».His "crazy stories", like "hallucinations," yield to the night and fantasy part of his hacking character."Subjects" embodies the reality that saves her from full madness: the bread that "smells of my mother when she gave her milk";Salt, "that comforts us and penetrates us/ with the lighter and white look";The water: "I want to return to girls girls,/ take me to your soft water country";The air: "I enter my stone house/ with panting,/ drunk, other people's/ air hair".Woman of Vivas Geographies, American South American, will first dedicate her hymn to the "tropics sun", so favorite.Then to the unpredictable mountain range of the Andes.«Eternal and suspended species-Ciudad-Torres-Doradas…».Returns to its regional mythology.Song to corn, bread and God of the Indians."And to the dream, instead of Anahuac/ I let him, let go/ his infinite cob/ that he flatters me and falls asleep".All contemplaible and edible nature passes through itself.Ilustrando el forqué de lostwo himnos, al «Sol del Trópico» y «A la Cordillera», escribe una nota sustanciosa sobre la necesidad del regreso «hacia el himno largo y ancho, hacia el tono mayor».The one who discusses the need to do the early in the afternoon the anthem in a greater tone, knows at least we are feeling a empalago of the minimum and the soft, of the "linseed mucilage" ... if our Rubén, after the "triumphal march»(Which is Greek or Roman) and the" song to Roosevelt ", who is already American, would have wanted to leave the Parishes and Madrid and come to get lost in American nature for a few years -it was the case of getting lost to the good-, we would no longer have these issues in the quarry;They would be devastated and they would sing the soul of Mocerío.The girl's squad arrives without pleasure to say of the "soft air" or the Marquise Eulalia.They are right: the air of the world has become a violent puelche [his wind of Patagonia] and the sea of jacutes suddenly moves in the other sea that the sailors call care.(220) "Saudade" is an imfortant province in its territory of longing, which is distributed below the entire surface of its work.«Country of absence», with an obsession of the end: «… and in a country without a name/ I am going to die».As "the foreigner" or "drink": "I remember gestures of creatures, and they are gestures of giving me water".His mentioned "We were all going to be queens" deserves a note, which is also pure nostalgia: "... and being our kingdoms,/ we will all reach the sea ..." "crazy women", with various kinds of dementia, "the one that walks endlessly... she always walks until when the others already sleep ».In addition to his disposures: "Where was your home continues/ as if it were burned".Or the without reason imposed by prisons, the one who suffers from the "prisoner woman": "I have in that bonfire of bricks,/ I have the prisoner my man ..." in his poem of "nature", he speaks -that's what it wasAlways- of herself as part of the world's grove."My chest gives the almondo its beat/ and the trunk hey, my heart hidden as a deep chisel".The tree is your son.And return "to the rap".And to the foolish war that brought the fall of Europe.Not acepta a Hitler.Feel the death in Finland.Condemns Stalin.La SegundaGuerra Mundial es un luto personalísimo.Eternal mourning.The years go by.And write "Anniversary" by Yin-Yin. «Todavía somos el tiempo… sin saber tú que vas yéndole/ sin saber yo que no te sigo … »Alone afirma queGabriela Mistral «tiene la palabra siempre lenta, pero segura.And long.Not se cansa uno de oírla».Quería a su Elqui, pero no quería a Chile:La apoteosis deGabriela Mistral permitirá decir sobre ella ciertas verdades, particularmente una, que antes habría debido dejarse en silencio: más allá de cualquier crítica hállase fuera de todo posible daño: los altares son intangibles.Let's say it, then, without reluctance.Gabriela Mistral did not love Chile.Amiba su MonteGrande natal y, for extensión, el Valle de Elqui, el campo y la montaña, la gente montañesa y campesina, sus días infantiles […].This fact presented by many, who used to launch him as an accusation of ingratitude, some were able to verify it personally and heard it, not without violence, of their own lips.He singularly loved the land of Sarmiento (without Perón), and Don Andrés Bello never inspired him enough considerations ... (221) woman more individual than inexplicable or extravagant;After the rummy of a tormented mind, fueled by adding many anger, worries and anger against desaits and "unknown", longing to hide some secret or capital sin, I want to start a different existence in another land, as well as to try a new path.Thus, he has seen himself - he decided to leave his homeland and become forever a Chilean vagabund.This self -destroyed, who decided to voluntarily sentenced to perpetual exile, scored in his logbook the pain of ostracism, without revoking it.Wandered from one country to another, with scarce and very short returns.From his departure to Mexico he lived virtually all his life abroad.However, she was condemned to always transfort within the country she had left.The stamp of a biblical curse.She was Cain and Abel, together.Wherever you go, despite all distances, your soul will continue to be inside the earth that you abandoned.And you will talk about it endlessly, as a windy or torturing theme that will never leave you alone, returning in the morning and at night to reiterate it in infinite variations or with Quijotosco Majadería.Thus, like other banished from Chile, such as the Jesuits Ovalle or Lacunza in the colonial era, it will feel in the middle of the heart and in the cerebral circumvolutions that wound that never closes, where they manage the memory, nostalgia, the execlation of the dear dear dearAnd hated.She loves her land and has little confidence in man.Not los meterá a todos en el mismo saco del desliz original, de la inmundicia del alma.Will forgive children, mouth cleanings.He will die on foreign soil as his admired Alighieri.I revealed it because he wrote a book that would have liked to write to her, where he punishes with torments in various circles of hell to his personal enemies and the abominable categories of false and delectable individuals, traitors, mercenaries and rude.He never sent the penalty imposed on his country's languages.Not les concedió indulto.He hated the Malandrines.He also wanted others.But above all he loved his broken territory.He spent a lot of eye, pulse and mine pencil to describe it.It is really a quirky land.Benjamín Subercascaux called her "crazy geography".More than a country is a beach.In the background the mountain range and in the plane inclined to the sea, thin as a spear, skinny as a famous man, who is in the bones, as just out of a concentration camp or the Biafra.To the south, pieces are made, atomized in archipelagos, or extends through an uninhabited Patagonia where the main character is snow, dotted alfo by lamb flocks, for lost stays or by small cities of the end of the world where at the white night it happensA black ink night, in the hurricane neighborhoods of the South Pole.Pero ella, para su fortuna, es nortina media, nota, del Notrte Chico.Porque el NotrteGrande sería la otra cara de la desolación, el desierto del Tamarugal, que se parece al Sahara.Orient of transverse transition valleys, where the desert softens, ends and gives way to the kind face of nature, she will recognize her more fruit, but without losing what she calls "austere sobriety of the landscape, a as burning asceticism of the Earth".He maintains that this area has given the breed its most vigorous types.Then the panorama insists on the benevolent reception.Extensive agriculture confers green color to Earth, but the major cities become gray, accumulating asphalt and crowds.In the capital one third of the population and in the central zone are concentrated, three quarters of all Chileans.Beyond the empire of rain and dark jungle, what she calls the cold tropics.The small and different patriotic territory with its extended thread figure from north to south over more than four thousand kilometers comes to the memory.In relation to globe giants, its physical dimension is reduced and its meager population.She resists accepting this as a sign of inferiority.If the size of the soil is diminished, the bearing of its will - murm, giving free rein to a rare mind -mind - or the "heroic nature of its people" is greater.It comforts saying that the small house has a big door: the sea.*Source: Teitelboin, Volody.Gabriela Mistral Publica y Secreta. Santiago de Chile: Ediciones Bat; 1991 Nottas

1. 130. Laura Rodig. Presencia deGabriela Mistra l(Nottas de un cuaderno de memorias).Anales de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 1957, p.290
2. 131.Gabriela Mistral, Croquis Mexicanos,Nascimento, Santiago de Chile, 1979, «Un poeta nuevo de América: Carlos Pollicer, Sembrador», p.fifteen0
3. 132. Ibid., «Como se ha hecho una escuela – granja en México», p. 40
4. 133. R.E. Scarpa, La desterrada… «Educación Popular», t. 1, p. 148
5. 134. R.E. Scarpa,Gabriela piensa…. pág. 264
6. 135.Gabriela Mistral, Poesías completas,Aguilar, Madrid, España, 1958,»Julio Saavedra Molina, estudio crítico-biográfico», p. XXXIX
7. 136.Gabriela Mistral, Desolación.«Desvelada”, p.fifteen0
8. 137. Ibid., p.fifteen1
9. Ibid., p. 172
10. 139. Ibid., p. 178
11. 140. Fundación Pablo Neruda, Boletín invierno, 1989, p. 10.
12. 141.Gabriela Mistral, Desolación , «Voto», p. 339
13. 142.Gabriela Mistral, Desolación.«Himno de la EscuelaGabriela Mistral», p. 133
14. Luis Vargas Saavedra, Prosa religiosa.«Discurso en la Unión Panamericana», p. 53
15. Ibid., «carta a Francisco Dussuel», p. 1 0
16. 145. Ibid., «Mi experiencia con la Biblia», p. 44
17. Ibid., «Entrevista a Revista de Educación Argentina», p. 13
18. 147.Gabriela Mistral, Winery,del Pacífico, Santiago de Chile, 1954, «Caída de Europa», p. 19

148, Ibid., "The bare side", p..41

1. 149. Ibid., p. 44
2. 150.Gabriela Mistral, Tala,Losada, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1947, «Recados», p. 182
3. 151. R. E, Scarpa,Gabriela piensa en… «La lengua de Martí», p. 171
4. 152. Juan Loveluck, Estirpe martiana de la prosa deGabriela Mistral, Universidad Veracruzana, p. 124
5. 153.Gabriela Mistral, Páginas en prosa,Kapeluz, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1962, p. 78
6. 154.E. Scarpa,Gabriela piensa en… «La lengua de Martí, p. 170
7. 155.Cuadernos de Cultura, N’ 5, La Habana, Cuba, 1939, «Los versos sencillosof josé Martí», p. 27
8. R. E. Scarpa,Gabriela piensa en… «La lengua de Martí», pp. 173 – 174
9. 157. Ibid., pp. 175 – 176
10. 158. Fernando Alegría,Genio y figura deGabriela Mistral,Universitaria de Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1966.«Recados contando a Chile, Cuando murió su madre», p. 178
11. 159.Mario Céspedes, Recados para América, Ed.Epesa, Santiago de Chile. 1978, «ElGrito», p. 12
12. 160. Ibid., «Sandino», p. 44
13. 161. Ibid., «La cacería de Sandino», p. 92
14. 162. Ibid., «Sandino», p. 44,
15. 163. Luis Carlos Soto Ayala, Literatura Coquimbana, Imprenta Francia, Santiago de Chile, 1908, pag. 102
16. 164. Ibid
17. 165. R. E. Scarpa,Gabriela anda for el mundo,Andrés Bello, Santiago de Chile,1978,»Sestris levante en la liguria italiana caminada», p. 275
18. 166. Ibid., p. 276
19. 167. Raúl Silva Castro, EpistolarioGabriela…, p. 269
20. 168. Ibid., p. 270
21. 169. Matilde Ladrón deG.,cit., «Carta a Luis Oyarzún», p. 99
22. 170. Ibid., «Carta a Laura Rodig», p. 54
23. 171. Ibid
24. 172. R. E. Scarpa,Gabriela anda for… «Recuerdo del árabe – español», ,pág. 223
25. 173.R. E. Scarpa,Gabriela piensa… «Página para Pedro Salinas»,pág. 255
26. Ibid., p. 256
27. 175. Ibid., «Cinco años de destierro de Unamuno», p. 247
28. 176. Ibid., «Sobre el extraño poeta lituano Oscar de Lubicz Milosz», p. 370
29. 177.Gabriela Mistral, Poesías completas, p.XCII
30. 178.Gabriela Mistral, Cartas deGabriela a Juan Ramón Jimenez,de la Torre, Universidad de Puerto Rico, 1961
31. 179. Eduardo Frei Montalva, Memorias (1911 – 1934) y correpondencias conGabriela Mistral y Jacques Maritain,Planeta Chilena, Santiago de Chile, 1989, p. 131
32. 180. Ibid., p. 139.
33. 181. Víctor Alba, La Mistral vista for su amiga y secretaria, Anales de la Univ. de Chile, p. 92
34. 182.Gabriela Mistral, Recados contando a Chile, selección del padre Escudero, Ed. del Pacífico, Santiago de Chile, 1957, p. 100
35. 183. Luis Vargas S. Prosa religiosa… «Carta a Alfonso Reyes», p. 17
36. Archivo Nacional de Chile, Biblioteca Nacional, Santiago, sección Oficios Consulares del año 1947, Brasil
37. Luis Vargas S., Prosa religiosa… «Carta a Alfonso Reyes», p. 18
38. 186.Gabriela Mistral, Poesías completas, «Dulce María Loynaz,Gabriela y Lucila», pp.CXXXVI y CXXXVII
39. 187. Matilde Ladrón deGuevara,cit., p. 43
40. 188. Ibid., p. 45
41. 189. Ibid.–
42. 190. Ibid., p. 46
43. 191. Augusto Iglesias,Gabriela Mistral y el modernismo en Chile, Ed.Universitaria, Santiago de Chile, 1950, Prólogo de Valéry, p. 386
44. 192. Ibid. pág. 387
45. 193. Ibid.: pág. 390
46. 194. Ibid., «Carta a Mathilde Pomes», p. 393
47. Ibid.
48. 196. Ibid
49. 197. Ibid
50. 198. Ibid.
51. 199. Ibid
52. 200. Ibid., «El triunfo», p. 399
53. 201. Matilde Ladrón deG.,cit., p. 39
54. 202. EnriqueGajardo Villarroel.«LaGabriela que yo conocí II». El Mercurio, Santiago de Chile, 11 de junio de 1989
55. 203. Ibid
56. 204. Marie-LiseGazarian-Gautier,Gabriela Mistral, la maestra de Elqui. Crespillo, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1973, «Discurso aceptación Premio Notbel», p. 110
57. 205. Centenario deGabriela Mistral,»Cartas a Radomiro Tomic», Diario La Epoca, Santiago de Chile, 9 de abril de 1989
58. 206.Gabriela mistral, Croquis mexicanos, «Reloj de sol.Simpatías y diferencias», p. 30
59. Ibid., p. 31
60. 208. Alfonso Reyes, Himno aGabriela, Anales de la Universidad, op. cit., p. 19
61. 209.Gabriela Mistral, Cartas deGabriela a J. R. Jiménez.
62. 210. EnriqueGajardo, «LaGabriela que yo conocí III». El Mercurio, Santiago de Chile, 18 de junio de 1989.’
63. 211. Ibid
64. 212.Gabriela Mistral, Tala, «Todas íbamos a ser reinas», p. 108
65. 213. Ibid., Vieja, p. 142
66. 214.Gabriela Mistral, Ternura, «Dame la Mano», p. 63
67. 215.Gabriela Mistral, Winery, «Ronda de fuego», p. 160
68. 216.Gabriela Mistral, Ternura, p. 89
69. 217.Gabriela Mistral, Tala, «Muerte de mi Madre», p. 176
70. 218. Ibid., «Notcturno de la Consumación», p. 176
71. 219. Ibid., «Notcturno de la Derrota», p. 177
72. 220. Ibid.«Dos Flimnos», p. 177

221.Hernán Díaz Arrieta (Alone), Interpretación deGabriela Mistral, Anales de la Univ., p.fifteen.